1. Order Xenarthra Overview of the order of armadillos, anteaters, and sloths from the Animal Diversity Web.Category Science Biology Animalia Chordata Mammalia xenarthra......Order xenarthra. (armadillos, anteaters, and sloths). xenarthrans radiatedin South America during the Tertiary, when that continent http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/xenarthra.html

The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity Web About us ... Glossary Order Xenarthra (armadillos, anteaters, and sloths) Xenarthrans radiated in South America during the Tertiary, when that continent was isolated by sea from other continents. The group currently includes armadillos 2-toed sloths 3-toed sloths , and anteaters , placed in four families containing 29 species. These animals are mostly insectivores and herbivores of small to medium body size (up to around 60 kg). In the past, however, xenarthrans were much more diverse and numerous. They radiated into around a dozen families, including not only the groups known today, but also such animals as giant ground sloths, some of which were larger than elephants; glyptodonts, reaching 3 m in length and the most heavily armored vertebrates that ever existed; and a large number of smaller grazing and browsing forms. Several groups of xenarthrans successfully crossed the Central American land bridge to North America when it formed in the Pliocene; these included a number of kinds of ground sloths and armadillos. Only one species, however, an armadillo ( Dasypus novemcinctus ), is still alive today.

2. Georgia Wildlife Web Site; Mammals: Xenarthra General description.Category Science Biology Animalia Chordata Mammalia xenarthra......Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia. The Orderxenarthra includes armadillos, anteaters, and sloths. Although http://museum.nhm.uga.edu/gawildlife/mammals/xenarthra/xenarthra.html

Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia The Order xenarthra includes armadillos, anteaters, and sloths. Although these mammals may seem very different on the outside, they have several similarities in their skeletons. Animals in this order either have no teeth, or have a reduced number of teeth. They all lack incisors and canines . Those species that have teeth only have simple molars . There are three families with 29 species world-wide, but only one species is found in the southeastern United States. The Family Dasypodidae . This family includes 20 species of armadillos. They all have a long snout with peg-like molar and pre-molar teeth, small eyes, and large ears. Their body is heavy, with short legs and a long tail. They have bony scutes that form a hard shell-like covering over their body. They have strong recurved claws that they use to dig burrows and food. The single species found in the southeastern United States was introduced into Florida in the 1900s and has since expanded its range northward into Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Family: Dasypodidae Nine-banded Armadillo

3. Order XENARTHRA Introduction to the phylogeny of the edentates.Category Science Biology Animalia Chordata Mammalia xenarthra......Order xenarthra (formerly Edentata). anteaters, sloths and armadillos.aberrant Neotropical to Nearctic order whose members diverged http://users.tamuk.edu/kfjab02/Biology/Mammalogy/systematics/A3edentates.htm

Order XENARTHRA (formerly Edentata) anteaters, sloths and armadillos aberrant Neotropical to Nearctic order whose members diverged long ago serum albumin studies indicate that the families are as different from each other as carnivores, bats and primates this and other research suggests they separated from other placentals prior to the evolution of the other modern orders Learn more about Xenarthans from the University of Michigan Animal Diversity Web or the University of California Museum of Paleontology David Atkins Chordate Biology The Mammals of Texas On-Line Traits xenarthrous vertebrae [fig 9-1] incorporation of caudal vertebrae into sacrum [fig. 9-2] reduced to absent dentition, without enamel; low metabolic rates and low body temperatures Families Tardigrada (sloths) the two living sloths have traditionally been placed in the same family (Bradypodidae) because they have many characteristics in common, such as the following: Neotropical no tail, blocky skull arboreal; hang upside down in trees

4. Introduction To The Xenarthra and sloths are a group of eutherian mammals known as the xenarthra. They were once placed in the order Edentata and http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/mammal/xenarthra.html

Introduction to the Xenarthra anteaters, armadillos, and sloths Anteaters, armadillos, and sloths are a group of eutherian mammals known as the Xenarthra. They were once placed in the order Edentata and are still often referred to as edentates , a word that means "toothless." Although xenarthrans such as anteaters are indeed toothless, the giant armadillo has as many as 100 teeth, more than almost any other mammal. Members of the mammalian group Edentata not only include the 31 living species of armadillos, true anteaters, and tree sloths, but also contain eight families of extinct ground sloths and armadillo-like animals. Together, the living families and extinct families constitute the Xenarthra. Living xenarthrans : On the left, a sloth. At right, a hairy armadillo from Santa Cruz, Argentina. Xenarthrans are a small group of insectivores and herbivores of small to medium body size (up to around 60 kg). In the past however, xenarthrans were much more diverse and numerous. They radiated into about a dozen families in South America, including not only the groups known today but also animals such as the extinct giant ground sloths and giant armored gylptodonts. Several groups of xenarthrans, mainly the ground sloths and armadillos, successfully crossed the Central American land bridge to North America when it formed during the Pliocene . Today, only one of these species, an armadillo (

5. Edentates: Anteaters, Armadillos & Sloths (GeoZoo) GeoZoo's Anteater, Armadillo, Sloth Section (order xenarthra) Edentates (Order xenarthra). Anteaters, Armadillos Sloths http://www.geobop.com/Mammals/Xenarthra

GeoZoo Mammals Geobopological Survey Search this site Reference Desk PaleoZoo Prehistoric Animals! G ENERAL S TORE Edentates (Order Xenarthra) Mammals RSVP Dental Formula (see Mammal Teeth 0-Many! Skulls (left to right): Giant Anteater ( Myrmecophaga tridactyla Dasypus novemcinctus (Pictures Courtesy Skulls Unlimited After a long hibernation, I've resumed working on Geo Zoo MAMMALS. April 11, 2000 marked the first of several major revisions that will greatly improve this site. Please note that you can now search for major mammal groups from the Geobop Home Page Edentate Links Order Xenarthra Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters) Family Bradypodidae (sloths) Family Megalonychidae (sloths) Birmingham Zoo Edentate Links Yahooligans Armadillos Yahoo Armadillos GEO L INKS Animals adopted as official state or provincial symbols are on display at Geobop's Animal Symbols And check out (IR)Rational Parks for some zany stories about jackalopes!

6. YOU NEED TO PUT A TITLE HERE Scientific and Common Name of the Texas Armadillo. xenarthra Armadillos. Dasypodidae Armadillos http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/nature/wild/mammals/txxenart.htm

Scientific and Common Name of the Texas Armadillo Xenarthra Armadillos Dasypodidae Armadillos Dasypus Linnaeus 1758 D. novemcinctus Linnaeus 1758 Nine-banded Armadillo D. n. mexicanus Peters 1864 Notes List counts: Families 1 Genera 1 Species 1 Total forms 1 Links to TPW Topics

7. Family: Dasypodidae Basic information and anatomy of the armadillo. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/xenarthra/dasypodidae.ht

The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity Web About us ... Glossary Dasypodidae armadillos Armadillos range from the central United States south through Central and South America. They are by far the most diverse group of xenarthrans, with 20 species in 8 genera. To most of us, the defining feature of armadillos is their " shell ." This structure consists of bony scutes covered with thin keratinous (horny) plates. The scutes cover most of the dorsal surface of the body. They are interrupted by bands of flexible skin at least behind the head, and in most species, at intervals across the back as well. The belly is soft and unprotected by bone except insofar as some species are able to curl into a ball. Hairs project from the areas between scutes, and in some species the ventral surface is densely hairy as well. The limbs have irregular horny plates covering at least parts of their surfaces; they also may be hairy. The top of the head is always covered by a shield of keratin-covered scutes, and the tail is covered by bony rings. Armadillos vary in size from the tiny fairy armadillo (120 gms) to the giant armadillo (60 kg). Body length ranges from about 125 mm to around 1 m. The snout is short and triangular in some species, long and tubular in others. Some species have large external ears, others do not. The eyes generally seem small. All armadillos have powerful forelimbs, with 3-5 digits (depending on the species) tipped with heavy, curved

8. Xenarthra xenarthra Strange Jointed Mammals (About 30 species.). It is a skeletal featurepeculiar to this order, and xenarthra means strange joints. . http://www.americazoo.com/goto/index/mammals/xenarthra.htm

Who knew Armadillos could leap? Xenarthra Strange Jointed Mammals (About 30 species.) CLASSIFYING THE MAMMALS: Taxonomy is the scientific method of classifying the animals with specific names. Learn more about taxonomy and the grouping of the mammals on the Taxonomy Page and Mammal Chart A Giant Anteater probes for his food. THE ORDER XENARTHRA: Southern North America and South America is their distribution, and the Xenarthrans consist of 29 species in four distinct families: anteaters, sloths (two families - two and three-toed), and armadillos. Anteaters are toothless, sloths and armadillos lack incisors and canines but do have simple cheek teeth that lack enamel and grow continuously from the roots as the tops wear down. Armadillos have up to 100 such teeth. Their skulls are elongated and the brain small and narrow. But other similarities seem difficult to come by. How could three such different-looking types of animals be related? It is in the vertebrae of the lumbar region where they have an extra articulation. It is a skeletal feature peculiar to this order, and "Xenarthra" means "strange joints." Their specially strengthened backbone may have evolved from the defense posture that anteaters assume. If threatened, the animal stands erect on its hind legs and braces itself with its strong, heavy tail, forming a tripod. It then proceeds to lash out with its powerful arms, slashing with its formidable claws.

9. Family: Megalonychidae General information and anatomy of the two toed sloth. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/xenarthra/megalonychidae

The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity Web About us ... Glossary Megalonychidae two-toed sloths This family contains 2 species placed in a single genus, Choloepus . Two-toed sloths are found in Central America, throughout northern South America and in the Amazon basin. Two toed sloths are medium-sized animals, with a body slightly more than half a meter in length and weight up to around 9 kg. They are covered with long, usually pale gray-brown fur (paler on the head) that takes on a greenish hue due to symbiotic algae living on the hairs. Under the coarse outer fur, the pelage grades into a layer of finer, shorter underfur. External ears are much reduced in size. The forelimbs and hindlimbs are long, with the forelimbs somewhat longer than the hindlimbs (but the difference is not as extreme as it is in three-toed sloths, Bradypodidae ). The forelimbs end in two large, curved claws ; these are attached to digits that are enclosed in a web of skin (syndactylous). The hindlimbs have three claws and are also syndactylous. The tail is small or absent. The skulls of these sloths are relatively short. The

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11. Xenarthra Giant anteater, Order xenarthra sloths, armadillos, and anteatersThe old name for this order, Edentata (= toothless ) has been http://www.curator.org/LegacyVMNH/WebOfLife/Kingdom/P_Chordata/ClassMammalia/Cla

Giant anteater Order Xenarthra: sloths, armadillos, and anteaters The old name for this order, Edentata (="toothless") has been replaced by the more appropriate term Xenarthra. Among living species, only the anteaters (superfamily Myrmecophagoidea) are toothless. All living species are New World mammals, the largest being the giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla (shown at left), which reaches a length of 120 cm/3' 7" and a weight up to 40 kg/83 pounds. Xenarthra share the following characters: Females have a common urogenital duct; toes all strongly clawed; testes interior, between bladder and rectum; double posterior vena cava. Giant anteaters use a long, sticky tongue to capture the huge quantities of ants and termites. The huge front claws easily open concrete-hard termite mounds, and serve as effective weapons o self-defense. Reproduction and copying for non-commercial purposes is encouraged. For VMNH Scientific or Technology issues contact: Director@CURATOR.ORG

12. Family: Bradypodidae General information and anatomy of the three toed sloth. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/xenarthra/bradypodidae.h

The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity Web About us ... Glossary Bradypodidae three toed sloths This family includes 3 Recent species in one genus, Bradypus. It is distributed through Central and South America, south to southern Brazil. Three-toed sloths weigh 3 - 5 kg; their bodies run around 0.5 m in length. They are covered with dense, long, shaggy fur made up of thick hairs with longitudinal grooves. Beneath the overfur is short underfur of finer texture. Some have unusually long neck hairs, which form a mane. Individual hairs are directed so that they point towards the ground when the animal hangs beneath a branch, perhaps helping it shed rain. Three-toed sloths are mostly tan or yellow-brown in color (with some contrasting markings on the face and mane), and the grooves in the individual hairs contain algal cells that give the coat a greenish cast. Bradypodids have a short and very stout tail. The forearms of three-toed sloths are longer than the hind limbs. Fore and hind feet have three enlarged, hook-like claws . The claws are separate, but the digits to which they attach are syndactylous.

13. XENARTHRA Sloths, Anteaters, Armadillos xenarthra; MEGALONYCHIDAE xenarthra; MEGALONYCHIDAE. Order xenarthra.xenarthrans. This order, the living components of which are 4 http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/walker/xenarthra.html

noncommercial purposes within a subscribed institution . No copies of this work may be distributed electronically outside of the subscribed institution, in whole or in part, without written permission from the JHU Press XENARTHRA; MEGALONYCHIDAE XENARTHRA; MEGALONYCHIDAE Order Xenarthra Xenarthrans This order, the living components of which are 4 families , 13 genera, and 30 species, inhabits the south-central and southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. At least 3 additional genera and 3 species are thought to have occurred in the West Indies until about 500 years ago. The name Xenarthra usually has been applied at the subordinal level, with the name Edentata being given to an order that included the Xenarthra and the supposedly ancestral suborder Palaeanodonta. However, Glass 1985) explained that the Palaeanodonta are ancestral to the Pholidota, not to the Xenarthra, and that the name Edentata should be considered a synonym of the name Pholidota. The name Xenarthra also has been used at the ordinal level by Barlow Engelmann 1985), and

14. Family: Myrmecophagidae General information and anatomy of the anteater. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/xenarthra/myrmecophagida

The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity Web About us ... Glossary Myrmecophagidae anteaters Four species in three genera make up this family, whose members are found in Central and South America. Anteaters range from the very small Cyclopes , which weighs around 250 gms, to the large Myrmecophaga , which weighs over 30 kg. All anteaters have long, tapered snouts; that of Myrmecophaga is extraordinarily elongated. The tongue is also long. Anteaters secrete a sticky substance from their salivary glands that coats the tongue when they feed. The ears are small and rounded, and the eyes are small. The tails are long and prehensile in 2 of the 3 genera. The forelimbs are remarkable. They have 5 digits, each with long and sharp claws , the third claw being especially well developed. The hind feet are less specialized, with 4 or 5 toes and strong but not remarkable claws. Myrmecophaga walks with a peculiar, shuffling gait; Tamandua species walk on the sides of their hands; and Cyclopes are almost exclusively arboreal. The body fur varies from coarse and long ( Myrmecophaga ) to short, soft, and silky (

15. Geographic Distribution Listing West Indies, Xenarthra Order xenarthra Distribution in West Indies (or see Table). This contentcan be viewed as a table listing with other distribution regions. http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/walkers_mammals_of_the_world/tables/text.west_ind

Order Xenarthra Distribution in West Indies (or see Table This content can be viewed as a table listing with other distribution regions. A listing of the entire region's mammals can also be viewed. Megalonychidae Acratocnus (extinct) : (Puerto Rican Ground Sloth). Family Distribution Table Genus Distribution Table Megalonychidae Synocnus (extinct) : (Lesser Haitian Ground Sloth). Family Distribution Table Genus Distribution Table Megalonychidae Parocnus (extinct) : (Greater Haitian Ground Sloth). Family Distribution Table Genus Distribution Table . No copies of this work may be distributed electronically outside of the subscribed institution, in whole or in part, without written permission from the JHU Press

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17. Order Xenarthra The Mammals of Texas Online Edition ORDER xenarthra ARMADILLOS,SLOTHS, AND ALLIES. This Order seems to have developed in South http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/ordxenar.htm

The Mammals of Texas - Online Edition ORDER XENARTHRA: ARMADILLOS, SLOTHS, AND ALLIES This Order seems to have developed in South America and only recently invaded North America. Its members are bizarre creatures and highly specialized in structure and habits. The toothless anteaters are provided with heavy claws to tear apart termite nests and a long, slender, protrusile, sticky tongue to capture the insects. The slow-moving, plant-eating sloths are tree dwellers, with a rudimentary tail and only two or three toes on each foot. In the large group of armadillos, the presence of a bony carapace is unique among mammals. The Order is divided into three families, all of which are restricted to Central and South America with the exception of one species, the nine-banded armadillo, which ranges north to the United States. Family Dasypodidae (armadillos) Nine-banded Armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus

18. Xenarthra Translate this page Los Desdentados. Orden xenarthra. Taxonomía. Los Desdentados ( Ordenxenarthra ) en el Reino Animal. CATEGORÍA, TAXA, DESCRIPCIÓN. http://www.damisela.com/zoo/mam/xenarthra/taxa.htm

Los Desdentados Orden Xenarthra Taxonomía Los Desdentados ( Orden Xenarthra ) en el Reino Animal CATEGORÍA TAXA DESCRIPCIÓN Reino Animalia Animales : Sistemas multicelulares que se nutren por ingestión. Filo Chordata Cordados : Animales con médula espinal, o cordón nervioso. Subfilo Vertebrata Vertebrados : Cordados con columna vertebral. Superclase Gnathostomata Vertebrados con mandíbulas. Clase Mamalia Mamíferos : Poseen pelos en la piel. Orden Xenarthra Desdentados Los Desdentados Bibliografía Orden Filogenético Gracias por visitarnos Última Revisión: 1 de Julio del 2002 Número de Publicación : A.30 Todos los Derechos Reservados

19. Desdentados Translate this page Los Desdentados. Orden xenarthra. en Orden Filogenético. Las desdentadosse estudian en el orden xenarthra. Este orden http://www.damisela.com/zoo/mam/xenarthra/nombres.htm

Los Desdentados Orden Xenarthra en Orden Filogenético Las desdentados se estudian en el orden Xenarthra. Este orden se le asigna a la clase Mamalia Dasypodidae Armadillos Myrmecophagidae Osos Hormigueros Bradypodidae Perezosos Tridáctilos Megalonychidae Perezosos Bidáctilos Este orden hasta no hace mucho se estudiaba junto con los ordenes Tubulidentata y Pholidota , llamandósele Edentata. Los Desdentados Taxonomía Bibliografía Los Mamíferos ... Damisela.com Gracias por visitarnos Última Revisión: 1 de Julio del 2002 Número de Publicación : A.30 Todos los Derechos Reservados

20. Oklahoma Museum Of Natural History xenarthra, Dasypodidae, Dasypus novemcinctus (Ninebanded Armadillo). Countieswhere this species is. known to occur are highlighted in blue. http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/mammalkey/Xenarthra.html

Xenarthra, Dasypodidae, Dasypus novemcinctus (Nine-banded Armadillo) Counties where this species is known to occur are highlighted in blue. Click map to enlarge. Habitat: Principally found in woodlands, open savannas, and scrub areas. Habits: Generally nocturnal. Primarily feeds on insects and other invertebrates but also will eat fruit, berries, mushrooms, eggs of ground-nesting birds, and possibly carrion. Breeds in summer, with implantation of a single egg delayed until November. Four embryos form from the egg; up to four young of identical sex are born in spring (April). Artiodactyla Carnivora Chiroptera Didelphimorphia ... Xenarthra

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