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A biography of the Ramanujan describes how the natural genius of an unschooled Indian clerk came to the attention of a preeminent mathematician and the world. Reprint. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (58)

maths genius from nowhere
the auhtor has taken extreme pains to write this book. It should be read by all not only by Indians.

A Great Biography of a Superhuman Talent.
The myth of Ramanujan is famous in mathematics. The story of a poor Indian man who worked as a clerk and discovered deep mathematical truths, wrote to many English mathematicians, until one of them realized the talent and invited him to study with him at Cambridge. Ramanujan then died young but not before he made amazing breakthroughs in mathematics.

The myth is false, but it is close to the truth. The myth seems to imply that Ramanujan had magically acquired all these mathematical insights, however, Ramanujan had worked in mathematics for a long time, studying it in college. Professors in college had noticed his extreme talent, but Ramanujan spent too much time doing mathematics and not enough time on the other subjects, something which made him lose his scholarship. Because of that he had to work, but he kept working on his mathematics and eventually Hardy, a renowned British mathematician discovered his talent.

The book is a biography of Ramanujan. The story of Ramanujan in India, his wife, his family, his religion, is very interesting. The book explains how difficult it was for him to live in England, a country that had terrible weather and a different diet. The weather made him ill often. The book is also a biography of Hardy, an eccentric, brilliant mathematician. His story is also interesting, covering his love for cricket among other things.

The book is also interesting in terms of the times it covers. Ramanujan was in Cambridge when the first world war started. It is interesting to read about the conditions in England at the time.

Overall, this book is fantastic. I wish it had a little bit more mathematics, but I am happy with the biographies and the historical perspective it provided me.

Inspiring!
Kanigel takes the reader onto an unforgettable journey through the lives of two of the most curious mathematicians who ever lived; S. Ramanujan and G. Hardy. Ramanujan is a prodigy who with no formal training rose to be a fellow of the royal society. In spite of dying at just 32 years, he left a fortune of mathematical discoveries that has kept mathematicians busy to this day. Hardy (author of the famous "A Mathematician's Apology") was one of the world's finest mathematicians. In addition to a remarkable mathematical output, he is mostly credited for reviving English mathematics and for putting an end to the notorious Typos. In Hardy's own opinion, his most important contribution was "discovering Ramanujan".

Ramanujan spent his youth in his native south India where he was introduced to and fill in love with mathematics. Scarce as his sources have been, they kindled in him a life time lust for mathematics. Ramanujan received little recognition in India where, it seems, no one was qualified enough to see the genius in him. He thus turned to the west and wrote letters to some of the most prominent English mathematicians of his time. All but one ignored his letters; Hardy. Being such an authoritative figure, Hardy's appreciation of Ramanujan's work caused a considerable shift in Ramanujan's fortunes.

The book starts in the south Indian world of Ramanujan, describes it in vivid detail and accompanies him until he came in touch with Hardy some 26 years later. The scene then shifts to the Victorian world of Hardy and accompanies him till his contact with Ramanujan. The rest of the book narrates the details of Ramanujan's life in England, his most important mathematical contributions and his final years back in India.

I gave this book four starts because I think it is unnecessarily long delving into details of minor importance. Another aspect that I found a bit annoying was the limited treatment of Ramanujan's work. Some of his work on infinite series and on partitions is briefly explained but, in my opinion, is hardly enough. I would say a book about Ramanujan would better dedicate pages to Ramanujan's work than to discussing Hardy's sexual orientation.

All said, I found this book enjoyable, informative and motivating. Ramanujan's story is the stuff of fairy tales. A story where none can fail to find inspiration!

Verbose, but interesting

Kanigel does elaborate a little too much on unnecessary subjects (such as Hardy's sexuality), but this book is a interesting look at one of the world's greatest mathematicians of all time.

Highly recommended for those that are interested or familiar with the world of mathematics, else this read may be a bit cumbersome.

Too much Mathematics in the last 100 pages.
A Mathematician Would Enjoy This Book.

A good read. A sad read. It gives a detailed life history, the struggles of Srinivasa Ramanujam to be socially acceptable, to prove his genius.

Apart from Ramanujam, the character i loved are:
G.H.Hardy : Born and brought not with a golden spoon. He loves his family. He loves cricket. And he loves mathematics.
Ramanujam had the talent. Had the brains. Had the insight. Had the intuition. But G.H.Hardy found Ramanujam. G.H.Hardy showed Ramanujam to the world. And the genuine struggles he took in bringing Ramanujam to England.A compassionate human being.

Neville: The guy who first saw Ramanujam as a genius. Read the book to find out why he travelled to India in the first place. Am sure everyone would be impressed as I am.

Littlewood: A cute guy who competed with Ramanujam with regard to prime numbers. But the first guywho so untiringly went through all of Ramanujam's papers to give a positive impression of Ramanujam to the skeptic mind of G.H.Hardy.

Sir Francis Spring: Wow....A Not An Indian Guy....who recognized Ramanujam's talent when Ramanujam was working as a clerk in the Madras Port.

Ramanujam: He now is a genius. But before that....A brahmin guy. A Vaishnavite. A boy who flunked all his exams except Maths. A boy who loves food. A mother's boy who loved the brinjal curry. A college student who never made it to the board exams. A married man who didn't know if he is doing the right thing in pursing maths.
A simple man.
A humble man.
A Man who saw god in every equation he wrote.
Of all qualities, A guy who wrote to his parents, family, wife, friends 3 or 4 times a month from England giving them up-to-date information about his mathematical progress, how he held to his vegetarianism....

My mom once said that, "Man is a Social Being....He/She cannot be alone".When writing this, I ponder of how true this is.
Ramanujam was a genius...But took so many people outside his family to bring him to light. But in most cases the friends, family that helped them are never ever mentioned...But the author did a great job in going over the minute details of each and every single person who made Ramanujam as the person we see him today.Hats off to Robert Kanigel.

The happiest moments of Ramanujam's life must have been the ones he stayed in Cambridge along with G.H.Hardy going after his leisure activity, "Mathematics" (as Ramanujam put it).

I love the book..In the last pages of the book there is too much mathematics which I didnt enjoy reading much as I didn't understand them (probably thatz why 3 Stars).

Am impressed with the amount of information the author collected in trying to know why a particular place is named,"Triplicane", "Rameshwaram", "Nammakal".

A Big Wow: in the first 2 decades of20th century.....

The ticket price from Kumbakonamto Madras by train : Rs.3
The ticket price from Madras to Cambridge by ship: Rs.400

AV.
... Read more

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The influence of Ramanujan on number theory is without parallel in mathematics. His papers, problems and letters have spawned a remarkable number of later results by many different mathematicians. Here, his 37 published papers, most of his first two and last letters to Hardy, the famous 58 problems submitted to the Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, and the commentary of the original editors (Hardy, Seshu Aiyar and Wilson) are reprinted again, after having been unavailable for some time.

In this, the third printing of Ramanujan's collected papers, Bruce Berndt provides an annotated guide to Ramanujan's work and to the mathematics it inspired over the last three-quarters of a century. The historical development of ideas is traced in the commentary and by citations to the copious references. The editor has done the mathematical world a tremendous service that few others would be qualified to do. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

intended semi differential analysis
Srinivasar was an enigma in the latter years of his life,when his work output suddenly quadrupled and his critics began to find their voices.His semiautonomials plowed new ground and his multiequanipseudonomials are said to have come to him late at night after a prolonged episode of religious fasting and penance wherein he shed 14 pounds over a 34 day period and was forced by his wife to consult 3 different doctors.Most think he was lucky to escape with his life.Such was his dedication to pure non-imaginary antinomials. ... Read more

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Ramanujan occupies a unique place in analytic numbertheory. His formulas, identities, and calculations are still amazingthree-quarters of a century after his death. Many of his discoveriesseem to have appeared as if from the ether. His mentor and primarycollaborator was the famous G. H. Hardy. Here, Hardy collects twelveof his own lectures on topics stemming from Ramanujan's life andwork. The topics include partitions, hypergeometric series,Ramanujan's $\tau$-function and round numbers.

Hardy was the first to recognize the brilliance of Ramanujan's ideas. As one of the great mathematicians of the time, it is fascinating to read Hardy's accounts of their importance and influence. The book concludes with a chapter by chapter overview written by Bruce C. Berndt. In this overview, Berndt gives references to current literature, developments since Hardy's original lectures, and background information on Ramanujan's research, including his unpublished papers. ... Read more

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A nice reprint of a valuable book
This is a great book for those of you who want to learn the works of the great Indian Mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan. It was written by G.H.Hardy, who intorduced Ramanujan to the western world of Mathematics. 12subjects are discussed, as written by Ramanujan, with comments. The layoutand printing of the book are excellent. This edition corrected a number oferrors of the previous editions. I expected a little more comments by theeditors for people less proficient in Number theory. You will need a copyof "An Introduction to Theory of Numbers" by Hardy and Wright, tofollow this book. If you want to know more about Ramanujan, some greatbooks are: "The Man who knew infinity: A Life of the GeniusRamanujan" byRobert Kanigel (the best biography of Ramanujan) and"A Mathematician's apology" by GH Hardy et al. ... Read more

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Among his thirty-three published papers, Ramanujan had only onecontinued fraction, the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction.However, his notebooks contain over 100 results on continuedfractions. At the end of his second notebook are 100 pages ofunorganized material, and the third notebook comprisesthirty-three pages of disorganized results. In these 133 pagesof material are approximately sixty theorems on continuedfractions, most of them new results. In this monograph, theauthors discuss and prove each of these theorems. Aimed at thoseinterested in Ramanujan and his work, this monograph will be ofspecial interest to those who work in continued fractions,$q$-series, special functions, theta-functions, andcombinatorics. The work is likely to be of interest to those innumber theory as well. The only required background is someknowledge of continued fractions and a course in complexanalysis. ... Read more

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In the spring of 1976, George Andrews of Pennsylvania State University visited the library at Trinity College, Cambridge, to examine the papers of the late G.N. Watson. Among these papers, Andrews discovered a sheaf of 138 pages in the handwriting of Srinivasa Ramanujan. This manuscript was soon designated, "Ramanujan's lost notebook." Its discovery has frequently been deemed the mathematical equivalent of finding Beethoven's tenth symphony.

The "lost notebook" contains considerable material on mock theta functions and so undoubtedly emanates from the last year of Ramanujan's life. It should be emphasized that the material on mock theta functions is perhaps Ramanujan's deepest work. Mathematicians are probably several decades away from a complete understanding of those functions. More than half of the material in the book is on q-series, including mock theta functions; the remaining part deals with theta function identities, modular equations, incomplete elliptic integrals of the first kind and other integrals of theta functions, Eisenstein series, particular values of theta functions, the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction, other q-continued fractions, other integrals, and parts of Hecke's theory of modular forms.

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The so-called Lost Notebook of S.R. Ramanujan was brought to light in 1976 as part of the Watson bequest, by G.E. Andrews with whose introduction this collection of unpublished manuscripts opens. A major portion of the Lost Notebook - really just 90 unpaginated sheets of work on q-series and other topics - is reproduced here in facsimile. Letters from Ramanujan to Hardy as well as various other sheets of seemingly related notes are then included, on topics including coefficients in the 1/q3 and 1/q2 problems and the mock theta functions. The next 180 pages consist of unpublished manuscripts of Ramanujan, including 28 pages from the 'Loose Papers` held in the Trinity College Library. Finally a number of interesting letters that were exchanged between Ramanujan, Littlewood, Hardy and Watson, with a bearing on Ramanujan's work are collected together here with other extracts and fragments. ... Read more

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no one can read this great monument truely ,just can read
¾Æ¹«µµ ÀÌÃ¥À» Æò°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø'Ù. ... Read more

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The letters that Ramanujan wrote to G. H. Hardy on January 16 and February 27, 1913, are two of the most famous letters in the history of mathematics. These and other letters introduced Ramanujan and his remarkable theorems to the world and stimulated much research, especially in the 1920s and 1930s. This book brings together many letters to, from, and about Ramanujan. The letters came from the National Archives in Delhi, the Archives in the State of Tamil Nadu, and a variety of other sources.Helping to orient the reader is the extensive commentary, both mathematical and cultural, by Berndt and Rankin; in particular, they discuss in detail the history, up to the present day, of each mathematical results in the letters. Containing many letters that have never been published before, this book will appeal to those interested in Ramanujan's mathematics as well as those wanting to learn more about the personal side of his life. "Ramanjuan: Letters and Commentary" was selected for the "Choice" list of Outstanding Academic Books for 1996. ... Read more

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Get personal with Ramanujan through letters
Ramanujan was most certainly the most talented mathematician of this century. With essentially no formal training, he managed to discover an enormous number of formulas, many of which were quite different from those previously known. The story of how he came to the attention of the mathematical community and was brought into "formal" mathematical circles is an interesting one. Given the colonial nature of the relationship between England and India, it would have been "natural" for the English mathematicians to consider an untrained colonial native to be beneath them. However, to their credit, there is no evidence that the English mathematicians ever felt or acted this way.
This book is the story of Ramanujan told through the letters that were written by and about him. While many are very formal, you still see the personalities emerging. G.H. Hardy is at times in awe of Ramanujan's ability, proving to be a person of high quality as he tries as best he can to aid him in adapting to British society and to doing mathematics in a formal way. Many others are also involved, and it is clear that they do have a genuine interest in his welfare as a person and as a mathematician. The commentary included among the letters is very helpful in establishing a context for the text. The authors do a very good job in explaining the circumstances of the letters. Some deal with social conditions and others are as simple as a description of what a word means.
What is most impressive about the book is that there is no undercurrent of colonial class consciousness running through the material in the letters. Given the situation in the early part of the twentieth century, that would have been typical of most English men of the times and it is a tribute to the mathematicians that they avoided it. Not many others would have been so noble.

Published in Journal of Recreational Mathematics, reprinted with permission. ... Read more

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The Lost Notebook, with an introduction by George E. Andrews and a short biography by S. Raghavan, consists of 90 unpaginated sheets representing Ramanujan s work on q-series andother topics followed by letters written by Ramanujan to G.H. Hardy on many mathematical topics including coefficients in the 1 / g3 and 1g2 problems as well as the only available remnant of his famous letter dated 12th January 1920 on mock theta functions. ... Read more

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Numerical approximations of ?. Mathematical constant, List of formulae involving ?, Bailey?Borwein?Plouffe formula, Leibniz formula for pi, Factorial, Gauss?Legendre algorithm, Pi, Proof that 22/7 exceeds ?, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indiana Pi Bill, Machin-like formula, Generalized continued fraction ... Read more

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This volume is the second of approximately four volumes that the authors plan to write on Ramanujan’s lost notebook, which is broadly interpreted to include all material published in The Lost Notebook and Other Unpublished Papers in 1988.  The primary topics addressed in the authors’ second volume on the lost notebook are q-series, Eisenstein series, and theta functions. Most of the entries on q-series are located in the heart of the original lost notebook, while the entries on Eisenstein series are either scattered in the lost notebook or are found in letters that Ramanujan wrote to G.H. Hardy from nursing homes.

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Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Carl Friedrich Gauss, Leonhard Euler, John Von Neumann, William Rowan Hamilton, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Paul Erdős, Stephen Hawking, Brian Greene, Mental Calculator, George Parker Bidder, Tathagat Avatar Tulsi, Shakuntala Devi, Jedediah Buxton, Jakow Trachtenberg, Mental Calculation World Cup, Willis Dysart, Alberto Coto García, Karl Ramsayer, Zerah Colburn, Salo Finkelstein, Scott Flansburg, Johann Dase, Anne-Marie Imafidon, Truman Henry Safford, Hans Eberstark, Thomas Fuller, Willem Klein, Gert Mittring, Michael Byster, Divesh Shah, Jan Van Koningsveld, George Lane, Jacques Inaudi. Source: Wikipedia. Free updates online. Not illustrated. Excerpt: Pachaiyappa's College, Trinity College, CambridgeSrnivsa Aiyangr Rmnujan FRS, better known as Srinivasa Iyengar Ramanujan (Tamil: ) (22 December 1887 26 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician and autodidact who, with almost no formal training in pure mathematics, made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series and continued fractions. Born and raised in Erode, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramanujan first encountered formal mathematics at age 10. He demonstrated a natural ability, and was given books on advanced trigonometry written by S L Loney. He had mastered them by age 12, and even discovered theorems of his own. He demonstrated unusual mathematical skills at school, winning accolades and awards. By 17, Ramanujan conducted his own mathematical research on Bernoulli numbers and the EulerMascheroni constant. He received a scholarship to study at Government College in Kumbakonam, but lost it when he failed his non-mathematical coursework. He joined another college to pursue independent mathematical research, working as a clerk in the Accountant-General's office at the Madras Port Trust Office to support hims...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=47717 ... Read more

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Chapters: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Ravi Shankar, Amitabh Bachchan, Kareena Kapoor, C. Rajagopalachari, R. Madhavan, Sita Ram Goel, Rajendra K. Pachauri, Narendra Modi, Maneka Gandhi, Varun Gandhi, Shahid Kapoor, Lakshmi Mittal, Ardeshir Godrej, Rukmini Devi Arundale, Hema Malini, Malladihalli Sri Raghavendra Swamiji, Swami Satchidananda, Yogesh Chabria, T. S. S. Rajan, Amrita Rao, Remi Kaler, Celina Jaitley, H. Jay Dinshah, Pawan Kalyan, Ayesha Takia, Uma Pemmaraju, Aditi Gowitrikar, Sonu Sood, Jasmine Simhalan, Gauri Karnik, Pujari. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 290. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Hindi: , Gujarati: , pronounced ; 2 October 1869 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and spiritual leader of India during the Indian independence movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraharesistance to tyranny through mass civil disobedience, a philosophy firmly founded upon ahimsa or total nonviolencewhich led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi is commonly known around the world as Mahatma Gandhi (; Sanskrit: mahtm or "Great Soul", an honorific first applied to him by Rabindranath Tagore), and in India also as Bapu (Gujarati: , bpu or "Father"). He is officially honoured in India as the Father of the Nation; his birthday, 2 October, is commemorated there as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Non-Violence. Gandhi first employed non-violent civil disobedience while an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, during the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he organized protests by peasants, farmers, and urban labourers concerning excessive land-tax and discrimination. Afte...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=19379 ... Read more

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Chapters: Donald Knuth, George Pólya, John Horton Conway, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Gian-Carlo Rota, James Stirling, W. T. Tutte, Bartel Leendert Van Der Waerden, Paul Erdős, Frank P. Ramsey, András Hajnal, Terence Tao, James Joseph Sylvester, Marcel-Paul Schützenberger, Pál Turán, Timothy Gowers, Eric Temple Bell, Percy Alexander Macmahon, Václav Chvátal, Michel Deza, John Howard Redfield, Julian West, Béla Bollobás, George Szekeres, Ronald Graham, Heiko Harborth, Øystein Ore, László Lovász, Sharadchandra Shankar Shrikhande, Ben J. Green, Judith Q. Longyear, Víctor Neumann-Lara, Solomon W. Golomb, David B. Weinberger, Ernst G. Straus, Issai Schur, Percy John Heawood, Doron Zeilberger, Alfréd Rényi, Ken Ono, Jaroslav Nešetřil, Fred S. Roberts, Victor Anatolyevich Vassiliev, Neil Sloane, Eugène Charles Catalan, Fan Chung, Herbert Wilf, Noga Alon, D. Raghavarao, Arthur Milgram, Endre Szemerédi, Igor Pak, Gil Kalai, László Pyber, Branko Grünbaum, László Babai, Jack Edmonds, Richard K. Guy, George Andrews, Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, Richard P. Stanley, Emanuel Sperner, Paul Seymour, Vera T. Sós, András Frank, Imre Leader, John Riordan, D. K. Ray-Chaudhuri, Michele Mosca, Naum Vilenkin, M. N. Vartak, Michael H. Albert, Vance Faber, Gábor Tardos, Cheryl Praeger, Jim Geelen, Sun Zhiwei, Tatyana Pavlovna Ehrenfest, Brendan Mckay, Aviezri Fraenkel, Daniel Kleitman, Karl Mahlburg, Yousef Alavi, Péter Frankl, Fred Galvin, Jeong Han Kim, Norman Macleod Ferrers, Lajos Pósa, D. R. Fulkerson, Rosemary A. Bailey, Richard Rado, Peter Cameron, Gyula O. H. Katona, Stefan Burr, Doug Stinson, Navin M. Singhi, Chris Godsil, Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, Anatoly Vershik, Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak, Bernard Frénicle de Bessy, Ron Aharoni, Dénes Kőnig, W. H. Clatworthy, David Shane Gunderson, Zoltán Füredi, Jack Van Lint, Alfred Young, Joel Spencer, Helge Tverberg, Tibor Gallai, David P. Robbins, Alan Hoffman, Thomas Zaslavsky, R. M. Wilson, Walther Von Dyc...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=47717 ... Read more

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Qui était exactement Ramanujan? Un héros du roman? Un prodige du calcul mathématique? Un rêveur à l'intuition miraculeuse? C'est à ces questions, entre autres, que ne répond pas Bernard Randé qui préfère,par une démarche merveilleusement audacieuse, retourner sur les traces de Ramanujan afin de nous renvoyer à travers un prisme très personnel les éléments d'un puzzle à reconstituer, comme une forêt de symboles, dans un foisonnement de correspondances, de rêve et d'images.Sommaire : Le rosier parure d'or : La dixième réincarnation de Vishnou, Images, Le livre des merveilles, Tempête dans un lit, Le carnet, Carrés magiques, Beach boys, Rencontre, Calculs, Entre nous, Premier article, Le droit et le courbe, Traces, Les lieux du mathématicien, Les séries divergentes, Le dormeur du temple, Un souffle, L'ardoise; La clématite outremer : Correspondances, Sur les docks, Frères et Anges, Ramanujan au miroir, Affres et jouissances d'un mathématicien, A star shell, Esprit-zoom, La crypte; Les roses anciennes : Résurrection, Le reflet, Retour, Le fil de l'eau, Les roses anciennes. ... Read more

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Les achats comprennent une adhésion à l'essai gratuite au club de livres de l'éditeur, dans lequel vous pouvez choisir parmi plus d'un million d'ouvrages, sans frais. Le livre consiste d'articles Wikipedia sur : Tamoul, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Chola, Côte de Coromandel, Tamouls, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Pico Iyer, Jayalalitha Jayaram, Nîlgîri, Temple de Brihadesvara, Kollywood, Basilique Saint-Thomas à Chennai, Chera, Marudu Gopalan Ramachandran, Temple de Mînâkshî, Histoire Du Tamil Nadu, Peinture de Tanjore, Self-Respect Movement, Erwadi, Muziris, Chettinad, Kadhir, Parc National Indira Gandhi, Varma Kalai, Parc National de Mudumalai, Parc National de Mukurthi, District de Tirunelveli, Varsha Pirappu, Gangaikondacholapuram, Parc National Marin Du Golfe de Mannar, Arunachala, Parc National de Guindy, Temple de Thirunandikkara, Temple de Kapaleeshwarar, Mylapore. Non illustré. Mises à jour gratuites en ligne. Extrait : Les Tamouls (tamoul : தமிழர்) sont un groupe ethnique dravidien originaire de l'État du Tamil Nadu, en Inde et du nord-est du Sri Lanka. Leur langue est le tamoul (tamoul : தமிழ்), dont l'histoire remonte à deux millénaires. On trouve des communautés d'origine tamoule dans plusieurs parties du globe. Les Tamouls sont principalement hindous, mais comptent d'importantes minorités chrétiennes et musulmanes. En 1997, la population tamoule dans le monde s'élevait à un total de 66 millions de personnes, dont 61,5 millions en Inde, essentiellement au Tamil Nadu. En 2009, cette même population est de l'ordre de 80 millions de personnes. Historiquement, la langue tamoule a été la première langue de l'Inde à pouvoir être considérée comme une langue classique. L'art et l'architecture du peuple tamoul comprennent quelques unes des plus notables contributions de l'Inde et de l'Asie du sud-est en général à l'art mondial. La musique tamoule, l'architecture des temples dravidiens et les sculptures stylisée...http://booksllc.net/?l=fr ... Read more