21. Oceans And over the time, the oceans have grown even more bitter with the salt 350 millionyears ago that the first pioneer of land life crept out on the shore. http://www.haef.gr/chilias/greek/ecology/sunwater/oceans.html

OCEANS by George Vasiliou, George Missailidis, Nick Papadopoulos, Demetra Atsaloglou Teacher: P. Vlontaki Psyhico College Main oceans Most of the world's water is contained in five oceans that are: The Arctic, the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Indian and the Antarctic.The Pacific is the biggest ocean in the world. It is even bigger than all the world's land pulled together. The Arctic ocean is mostly covered with ice. During summer, some of the ice melts, and because of this many big pieces of ice called ice packs or icebergs are released. Dimensions Oceans Area(km2) Depth(m) Arctic North Pacific South Pacific North Atlantic South Atlantic Indian Antarctic Importance Now all of us know about oceans and seas. Oceans and seas, also known as the hydrosphere, are responsible for the regulation of many huge processes that accrue on the surface of the sea. The movement of ocean currents also creates effects in some places. Questions about oceans 1: Why can't we breathe under water? Fish can breathe underwater because they have gills. Gills let water go out and keep oxygen in. People haven't got gills so they can't breathe under water.

22. Tomfolio.com: Natural History: Bioregion: Oceans, Shores the Pacific and Atlantic oceans and the Red Sea in search of rare and Potter, PietWORLD TREASURY OF shore life IN COLOR G+/G+ Galahad Books, 1975 Hardcover http://www.tomfolio.com/bookssub.asp?catid=30&subid=2194

23. NAI News Article: Mars Ocean Hypothesis Hits The Shore Mars Ocean Hypothesis Hits the shore By Astrobiology News To test the hypothesisthat oceans once covered much of the search for evidence of past life on the http://nai.arc.nasa.gov/news_stories/news_detail.cfm?ID=210

24. NAI News Article: Mars Ocean Hypothesis Hits The Shore Mars Ocean Hypothesis Hits the shore By Astrobiology News To test the hypothesisthat oceans once covered much of the search for evidence of past life on the http://nai.arc.nasa.gov/news_stories/news_print.cfm?ID=210

25. Ocean Currents, Climate And Weather And Sea Life Ocean Currents, Climate Weather and Sea life (2) Does water temperature differ betweennearshore and offshore movie on Wind; How doe the oceans affect climate? http://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Raft.html

Ocean Currents, Climate Weather and Sea Life Created by: Chris Carter Saddleback Unified School District, Orange County, CA USA URL: http://www.can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Raft.html Warm Up Links A Global View from Space - Very Cool by NASA Click here to see live Surf cam images of the from around the world Click here to see weather data, surf cams and surf reports and links from around the world National Buoy Center - Real Time Data Use the Following Web Site Find the Answers to these questions NDBC Education Pages -NOAA (1) Are air temperatures the same over land and water? (2) Does water temperature differ between near-shore and offshore sites? (3) What is air pressure? (4) How are ocean waves described? (5) What causes ocean surface waves? (6) Are wind speeds the same over land as they are over the ocean? (7) What are sea breezes? (8) What are hurricanes? What happens during a hurricane? (9) What are tides? (10) How do tropical storms differ from winter storms? The Ocean Introduction: Watch the Brainpop movie on Waves - All waves in general, not just water waves.

26. Naturalist Oceans & Marine Life News - Late-breaking Environmental News From Aro are prompting marine scientists to abandon long held assumptions about life in the ecosystems,revealing the inner workings of the near shore marine environment http://www.naturalist.com/eco-news/circuits/Oceans Marine Life.cfm

HOME EVENTS SUBMIT YOUR PRESS RELEASE ABOUT US please enter your e-mail address: Wednesday, April 09, 2003 Iceland Plans to Catch Hundreds of Large Whales REYKJAVIK , Iceland April 4, 2003 (ENS) - Whale conservationists around the world have condemned Iceland's proposal submitted this week to the International Whaling Commission to begin whaling under the convention's scientific research provisions. Iceland wants to catch 100 fin whales, 50 sei whales and 100 northern minke whales each year. Both fin and sei whales are classified as endangered by IUCN, the World Conservation Union. Full story Bush Reverses View Of California Offshore Oil Ban By J.R. Pegg WASHINGTON, DC, April 1, 2003 (ENS) - The Bush administration said Monday it will not appeal a court decision that upheld California's right to ban oil and gas exploration in federal waters off the central coast of the state. Administration officials downplayed this reversal in policy and said they now prefer to resolve the dispute through negotiations rather than in the courts. Full story Opinion: Ignore the Cruise Lines By Valerie Sheppard ST. CATHERINE'S , Ontario

27. ThinkQuest USA Library : Oceans, Lakes & Water life on the Rocky shore is an SCUBA and Snorkeling is a web site made to shareour information about life under the sea. Beyond the Sand All about oceans http://www.thinkquest.org/library/cat_show.html?cat_id=151&cid=2

28. Oceans Dreams- Page 4 She rose from the water and floated to the shore. Embrace life, and loveeach moment as he loves you. http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Square/9059/OCPAGE4.html

She arose from the waves, on the darkest night of my life. As I sat on the beach, contemplating my life's worth, I called to God in anger, " Why have you deserted me Lord, I am alone and need you". I collapsed on the sand and looked into the night sky, there were no stars. I remember thinking, I have never seen such darkness, nor felt it. I came to the ocean, when I needed to think. I would sit and listen to the waves crash onto the shore, and be taken away by their melody. It was here, that I could look deep into myself and figure it all out. This night, I thought would be my last on earth. As I knelt on the sand in the darkness, I felt a warm bree z The Art Of Lee W. Mothes So I bid you adieu, as I sit in my rocking chair, listening to the song of the OceanAngel I shall forever find peace here, near the ocean. Ocean's Menu NEW....Standing in-line for cheese Ocean's Linx Linx 2 Littlest Angels Letters To God Ocean's Garden Ocean's Family Ocean's Hero Ocean's Designs Ocean's World Tim's Place Ocean's Corridors Corridor 1 Corridor 2 Ocean's Background Sets Ocean's Awards Ocean's Webrings Ocean's Adoptions About Me The OceanAngel Dreams Page 2 Dreams Page 3 Who Is The OceanAngel?

29. Ocean Shore & Reef Protection But pressures on our oceans and coasts continue to mount. polluted runoff causes toxicalgal blooms, forces beach closures, and threatens marine life and human http://www.uneco.org/reefprotection.html

THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary PRESIDENT CLINTON AND VICE PRESIDENT GORE: PROTECTING OUR OCEANS AND COASTS May 26, 2000 President Clinton, in a visit to Assateague Island National Seashore at the start of the Memorial Day weekend, will announce new protections for America's beaches, coasts, and ocean resources. The President will direct the Commerce and Interior departments to develop a plan to permanently protect Hawaii's rich coral reefs; issue an Executive Order directing agencies to establish a network of ocean conservation areas; and direct the Environmental Protection Agency to take new steps to limit pollution of beaches, oceans and coasts. In addition, the President will call on Congress to approve his Lands Legacy initiative, which proposes record funding for protecting ocean and coastal resources. New Stresses on Our Oceans and Coasts. The Clinton Administration has taken major steps to protect marine resources, including: extending through 2012 a moratorium on offshore oil and gas leasing; leading international efforts to protect whales and other marine mammals; securing new funding to rebuild marine fisheries; and boosting funding for national marine sanctuaries more than four-fold. But pressures on our oceans and coasts continue to mount.

30. The Colors Of Life NASA has gathered the first record of photosynthetic productivity in the oceans. naturalrunoff from the region has a nourishing effect on life off shore. http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/gsfc/earth/environ/carbon/carbon.htm

31. Geography Fact Sheet : Life Under The Oceans Waves The continental shelf goes from the shore down to about than 10 percent of the world'soceans, but support Seasons The seasons influence life in the ocean just http://www.starfish.govt.nz/geography/facts/fact-ocean-life.htm

Life under the ocean waves Preview On the surface, the oceans give few clues as to the huge range of life forms that dwell beneath, and the complex relationships between them. In 1978, New Zealand declared a 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and has exclusive management rights to this area. Because of our mid-ocean position and outlying islands, our EEZ is very large - in fact it is the fourth largest in the world, and equal to about 15 times our land area. Within this vast area of ocean is everything from subtropical to sub-Antarctic waters; from shallow estuaries teeming with life to barren undersea trenches up to 10,000 metres deep. The marine environment The marine food chain The continental shelf The deep sea The marine environment The marine environment is constantly changing. Some changes may take thousands of years, like the coming of an ice age, while others are immediate, like a rainstorm that dumps fresh water and silt into a seawater tidal pool. When the environment changes, so do the inhabitants - either by

32. Life.In.Water Offshore winds blow warm water away from shore; Biological features of oceans Livingthings occur throughout the life around deep-sea vents; Diversity of life http://www.biol.andrews.edu/ecology/Life.In.Water.html

LIFE IN WATER Introduction Also, by weight, living things consist primarily of water Thus, water is crucial to our understanding of life and ecology Here we will survey the water cycle and water ecosystems of the planet Hydrologic cycle Reservoirs of water Water shifts from one reservoir to another via the hydrologic cycle Movement Precipitation Evaporation Surface flow Subsurface flow Powered by solar energy Drives winds Causes evaporation Turnover times Vary widely The oceans Three main oceans, all interconnected Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Each ocean is bordered by smaller seas Ocean depths Averages Extremes Mauna Loa Extends 4000 m above sea level Extends to 6000 m below sea level Ocean structure Horizontal zones Littoral (intertidal) zone Shallow, near-shore zone Experiences tides Vertical zones Habitats Physical features of oceans Light Thus, the ocean appears blue Very little light reaches below 50-100 m Temperature The less dense, warmer water floats on the cooler water The warm and cold water layers are separated by a thermocline, a zone of rapid temperature change Thermal stratification Stratification is a permanent feature of equatorial oceans Stratification is a summer phenomenon in temperate oceans Stratification not even occur in polar regions Water temperature ranges over the year Surface water Water movement The sea is restless Waves Created primarily by wind Represent the flow of energy through water Waves do not shift large amounts of water from place to place Surface-water currents Currents are also driven by wind

33. The Oceans The Origin, The Mystery, The Myths* - 1995 will quickly notice that all the world's myriad life forms depend virtually any bodyof water whose opposite shore cannot be seen, but best describe oceans. http://www.pstx.org/1995/scottstewart.html

34. Whales And Our Oceans about 80 kinds of whales living in oceans around the in the summer notice wherethe sea life is the about because they come so close to shore during their http://vathena.arc.nasa.gov/curric/oceans/whales/

Whales and Our Oceans Whale facts: Whales are marine mammals. They have lungs instead of gills, hair instead of scales, and they give birth live. They breathe through a blowhole located on the top of their head, and they hear through holes behind their eyes. There are about 80 kinds of whales living in oceans around the world. Whales can grow to over 100 ft. long, and they can weigh over 200 tons. Whales live in family groups called pods. They communicate by making high pitched sounds. Listen to a whale! (133k .au file) Teacher Talk Activities on this page: The activities below are designed to be done by students individually, or in groups. Some can be done in one session, and others might be completed over several sessions. Look for the to find "task cards" which can be printed out. Suggested grade levels are indicated in parentheses. Whale Migrations Why should we be interested in tracking the movements of whales? Biologists and oceanographers can learn more about how the environment affects animal behavior, and they can study environmental change by watching the effects those changes have on whale movements. Whales migrate, or travel from one place to another, to find food, to breed, and to give birth to their young. They migrate for several reasons. Look at the links below, and see if you can find enough information to answer the task card questions. Gray whales migration map - notice where they spend the winter and summer.

35. Life In The Oceans And Seas Factsheet 2 life In The oceans And Seas back top Sharks are the most feared creaturesof the oceans! centuries it was unclear from which shore the seaweed http://agrolink.moa.my/dof/edukit/seaocean/factsheet2.html

Factsheet 2: Life In The Oceans And Seas back top Whales Sharks ... Sargassum Weed Did you know that every group of animals found on land is represented in the sea as well? For example, the phylum Arthropoda is represented on land by the scorpions, and in the sea by the crabs! Indeed, it is believed that all animals (including humans) originated from the sea! The story started about three hundred million years ago, when a type of lungfish left the water, and managed to survive on land. From it evolved all the creatures that live on the land and in the seas. So now, we even have some reptiles and mammals that have re-adapted to the marine environment while still retaining their air-breathing lungs. Such examples include turtles, dolphins and whales. Many animals live in the oceans and seas. These inhabitants range from the smallest protist to the enormous blue whale on whose broad back, eight elephants can stand in a row! The following are examples of some of the inhabitants of the sea: Whales Whales are the largest creatures found in the oceans. The blue whale has an average length of 33 metres, a girth of 12 metres and a weight of up to 150 tonnes! These warm-blooded creatures have a thick layer of fat in their bodies called blubber. The blubber keeps them warm in some of the coldest oceans in the world, allowing them to dive to depths of up to 2,000 metres. It is partly because of this blubber that whales are in demand commercially, and why some have been hunted almost to extinction. There are two types of whales :

36. EPA > Oceans, Coasts, & Estuaries > Coastal Watershed Factsheets > Nearshore Wat the effects of pollutants on aquatic life and human speeds to avoid prop dredgingand shore erosion. Call EPA's oceans and Coastal Protection Division at (202 http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/factsheets/fact3.html

Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Water Coastal Watershed Factsheets Partnerships ... for Children, Students and Teachers Coastal Watershed Factsheets Nearshore Waters and Your Coastal Watershed United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water EPA 842-F-98-007 July 1998 earshore waters in lakes, rivers, estuaries, and oceans reflect the conditions and activities within the coastal watershed. They are an important component of that complex and dynamic watershed. What Are Nearshore Waters and What Do They Do? Stand on any beach or shoreline and look out toward the water. What you'll see is an area called the nearshore, which is a part of all coastal watersheds. The nearshore is defined as an indefinite zone extending seaward from the shoreline well beyond the breaker zone. It defines the area where the current system is caused primarily by wave action. Whether marine or freshwater, nearshore waters serve a variety of functions. They provide a unique habitat for a variety of plants and animals. Sea grasses and other aquatic plants living in the nearshore waters provide food and shelter for many species of fish and shellfish. Many marine organisms, including most commercially valuable fish species, depend on nearshore waters at some point during their development. Nearshore waters provide habitat for 80 percent of the fish species in the United States.

37. Remarks By The President To The National Oceans Conference initiative to enhance the health of our oceans while expanding too well how oil spillsfrom offshore drilling can not just the death of marine life, but the http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/yoto/clinton.html

Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only. Although the information provided here was accurate and current when first created, it is now outdated. THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary Monterey, California For Immediate Release June 12, 1998 REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT TO THE NATIONAL OCEANS CONFERENCE San Carlos Park Monterey, California 1:30 P.M. PDT THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. Thank you for the wonderful welcome. Let me begin by saying how great it was to see and hear the Watsonville Marching Band again and my good friends there. You're always welcome back at the White House. And I like those uniforms. I liked them then and I like them now. (Applause.) I want to thank Secretary Daley and Secretary Dalton for sponsoring this conference. I thank Secretary Slater and Secretary Babbitt, who was here; Administrator Browner, Dr. Baker, Katie McGinty. And I'd also like to say a special word of appreciation to the Commandant of the Coast Guard and all the Coast Guard personnel, and the Vice Chief of Naval Operations and all the Navy personnel for what they have done to help this be a success. (Applause.)

38. Central Coast Sealife Dive into Marine life! Welcome to the 5th grade home page on oceans and Marinelife. THINGS TO LOOK AT. shore Birds; Even STRANGE Marine life! HOME. http://orcutts1.sbceo.k12.ca.us/public/nightingale/sealife.htm

Dive into Marine Life! Welcome to the 5th grade home page on Oceans and Marine Life. We hope you enjoy visiting our links, and learn more about the marine life which can be found in our area! FISH Fish Sharks MARINE MAMMALS Grey Whales Killer Whales Dolphins Sea Otters ... Seals KELP FORESTS Kelp More Kelp! PLACES TO VISIT The Santa Barbara Channel Islands Tide Pools THINGS TO DO Surfing SCUBA Diving Marine Research Go Whale Watching! THINGS TO LOOK AT Shore Birds Even STRANGE Marine Life! HOME

39. My Fictional Account To Explain Why The Oceans Are Salty be conquered by man! he declared, As the oceans encircle the of that new day, Godsat on the shore and watched the new creatures celebrating life. http://pages.ivillage.com/pixiegrins/oceans/oceans.html

'Why the Oceans are Salty' God walked in sorrow to the head of the four rivers flowing out of the garden of eden. His heart was in torment over having to send Adam and Eve out of the garden. He surveyed the horizon burning bright with yellows and reds of the setting sun. His broken heart mourned the innocence lost. He began to cry in great waves of lament for all the pain that the whole of his creations would suffer from that day forward. The sun set and the moon dared not shine his light on God in his sorrow. As God's tears flowed into the rivers, the waters began to turn salty. The marine life, being fresh water creations, began to die and float to the surface. Since the moon hid his light from the world, God didn't see the the rivers turning to death until the sun crested the horizon the next morning. In horror, he looked at the lifeless fish and all manner of marine life floating on the surface of the four rivers. God fell to his hands and knees and beat the soft sand with his fist. He raised up, stretched out his arms and thundered, "No-o-o-o-o-o..." His voice vibrated the waters and brought all the dead things back to life, changing them instantly into wonderful new salt water creatures.

40. Envirokids - Wildlife Stuff For Kids. The Wildlife And plants The cycle of life in the oceans starts with plankton provide food for an abundanceof animal life. Inshore predators Many predators feed near the shore. http://wildnetafrica.co.za/envirokids/oceans/oceansoflife.html

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