21. MapZones.com : Kyrgyzstan kyrgyzstan Map, history, Culture, People, Population, Climate, Economy, Animal andplants, Languages,capital, island, major city, province, Communications,State http://www.mapzones.com/world/asia/kyrgyzstan/index.php

Country Info Kyrgyzstan Introduction Kyrgyzstan General Data Kyrgyzstan Maps Kyrgyzstan Culture ... Kyrgyzstan Time and Date Kyrgyzstan Introduction Back to Top Kyrgyzstan, also known as the Kyrgyz Republic, independent republic in Central Asia, bordered on the north by Kazakhstan, on the east by China, on the south by China and Tajikistan, and on the west by Uzbekistan. It was formerly the Kirgiz Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The total area of Kyrgyzstan is almost completely mountainous and is subject to major earthquakes. Settlement and agriculture are concentrated in the river valleys. Total area is 198,500 sq km (76,641 sq mi). Bishkek (formerly Frunze) is the capital and largest city. Official Name- Kyrgyz Republic Capital City- Bishkek Languages- Kyrgyz, Russian Official Currency- Som Religions- Muslim, Russian Orthodox Population- 4,610,000 Land Area- 108,500 sq km (76,640 sq miles) Countries Map or Maps Egypt Maps South Africa Maps England Maps France Maps ... mailto:info@mapzones.com?subject=Mail from HomePage

22. Lycos Travel - 404 Error - File Not Found Guide chronicles the history of the Central Asian country which was visited by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC. http://www.lonelyplanet.lycos.com/central_asia/kyrgyzstan/history.html

Travel 404 Error - File Not Found 404 Error - File Not Found The Web page you requested was not found. Try the Lycos Find it index or return to the front page of Lycos. Comments? Suggestions? Please email us. Lycos Worldwide About Terra Lycos Help Feedback ... Business Development Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of the Lycos Updated and

23. Kyrgyzstan Early History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Res kyrgyzstan Early history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources,Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan_history_early_history.html

HISTORY INDEX Country Ranks Introduction History ... [TOP] Kyrgyzstan Early History http://workmall.com/wfb2001/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan_history_early_history.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies < BACK TO HISTORY CONTENTS The modern nation of Kyrgyzstan is based on a civilization of nomadic tribes who moved across the eastern and northern sections of present-day Central Asia. In this process, they were dominated by, and intermixed with, a number of other tribes and peoples that have influenced the ultimate character of the Kyrgyz people. Early History Stone implements found in the Tian Shan mountains indicate the presence of human society in what is now Kyrgyzstan as many as 200,000 to 300,000 years ago. The first written records of a Kyrgyz civilization appear in Chinese chronicles beginning about 2000 B.C. The Kyrgyz, a nomadic people, originally inhabited an area of present-day northwestern Mongolia. In the fourth and third centuries B.C., Kyrgyz bands were among the raiders who persistently invaded Chinese territory and stimulated the building of the original Great Wall of China in the third century B.C. The Kyrgyz achieved a reputation as great fighters and traders. In the centuries that followed, some Kyrgyz tribes freed themselves from domination by the Huns by moving northward into the Yenisey and Baikal regions of present-day south-central Siberia. The first Kyrgyz state, the Kyrgyz Khanate, existed from the sixth until the thirteenth century A.D., expanding by the tenth century southwestward to the eastern and northern regions of present-day Kyrgyzstan and westward to the headwaters of the Ertis (Irtysh) River in present-day eastern Kazakstan. In this period, the khanate established intensive commercial contacts in China, Tibet, Central Asia, and Persia.

24. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Kyrgyzstan (History By Nation) Looking for the best facts and sites on kyrgyzstan? This HomeworkCentral sectionfocuses on 'history by Nation' and 'World history' and 'HIGH SCHOOL BEYOND http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/His

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 Kyrgyzstan document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); GENERAL World Book Online Article on KYRGYZSTAN Overview EARLY MODERN HISTORY ... Contact Us

25. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: History (Kyrgyzstan) HomeworkCentral Linking Policy. HIGH SCHOOL BEYOND Regional Studies Countries of the World Asia kyrgyzstan history. GENERAL http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Reg

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 History document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); GENERAL World Book Online Article on KYRGYZSTAN Overview EARLY MODERN HISTORY ... Contact Us

26. Kyrgyzstan kyrgyzstan borders Kazakhstan on the north and northwest, Uzbekistan in thesouthwest, Tajikistan in the south, and China in the southeast. history. http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107698.html

Celebs, Models ,Movie Stars... Magazines From Around the World! Ladies..Never pay retail again! Facial care packs and Cosmetics at lowest prices ! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network World Countries Kyrgyzstan Infoplease Atlas: Kyrgyzstan The Kyrgyz Republic President: Askar Akayev (1990) Prime Minister: Nikolay Tanayev (2002) Area: 76,641 sq mi (198,500 sq km) Population (2003 est.): 4,892,808; (Kyrgyz, 52.4%; Russian, 18%; Uzbek, 12.9%; Ukrainian, 2.5%; German, 2.4%; other, 11.8% ) (growth rate: 1.7%); birth rate: 26.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 75.3/1000; density per sq mi: 64 Capital and largest city (1994): Bishkek (formerly Frunze), 631,000 Other large city (1994): Osh 213,000 Monetary unit: Som Languages: Kyrgyz (official); Russian is de facto second language of communication Ethnicity/race: Kyrgyz 52.4%, Russian 18%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German 2.4%, other 11.8%

27. FSU New Issues - Kyrgyzstan - History Of Summer Olympic Games. history of Summer Olympic Games. Date of issue 28th August 2002. For buying FSUstamps, Postal stationery and Postal history, please, see Classified Ads. http://home.nestor.minsk.by/fsunews/kirgizia/2002/kg287-2.html

History of Summer Olympic Games. Date of issue: 28th August 2002. Enlarged Image. Designer: D. Miller Paper: coated Printing process: offset Perforation: frame 13 Size of a stamp: 40 x 30 mm. Size of the Miniature Sheet: 140 x 110 mm. Printing run: 30.000 Michel catalogue numbers: Klb.287-292. 1.00 (S). multicoloured. Gymnast and french stamp (Paris 1924). 2.00 (S). multicoloured. Water jumping and dutch stamp (Amsterdam 1928). 3.00 (S). multicoloured. Table tennis and american stamp (Los Angeles 1932). 5.00 (S). multicoloured. Athlet and german stamp (Berlin 1936). 7.00 (S). multicoloured. Fencing and english stamp (London 1948). 7.00 (S). multicoloured. Gymnast and finnish stamp (Helsinki 1952). For buying FSU stamps, Postal stationery and Postal History, please, see Classified Ads This page is a part of the FSU New Issues Catalogue , maintained by the Worldwide Society of Russian Philately

28. Jewish History Of Kyrgyzstan Jewish history of kyrgyzstan. Also Kirghizia. kyrgyzstan (formerlyKirghizia), a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States http://www.heritagefilms.com/KYRGYZSTAN.html

Jewish History of Kyrgyzstan Also: Kirghizia KYRGYZSTAN (formerly Kirghizia), a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States, bordered on the north and northwest by Kazakhstan, to the southwest by Uzbekstan, and on the south by Tadzhikistan, with a population of some 4,500,000 people. In 1979 Kirghizia had a Jewish population of 6,900 (with 5,700 living in the capital Frunze, which in 1991 was renamed Bishkek). In 1989 the Jewish population of the republic was 6,000 (with 5,200 in the capital); 178 Jews emigrated in 1989. In 1990, 1,170 Jews of Krygyzstan immigrated to Israel, 1,111 of them from Frunze. In 1991, the year the republic gained independence, the corresponding figures were 696 and 629. One Jew was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the republic in 1990. The government of the republic has expressed its opposition to Islamic fundamentalism. In 1992 Kyrgyzstan passed a law making knowledge of the Kirghiz language a prerequisite for high government positions. This latter condition effectively bars most Jews from holding high government offices. [Michael Beizer] Svobodnyie gory [Free Mountains] in February 1994 condemned the emigration to Israel and blamed Jews for the problems of the country. [Dan.Rom.]

29. Bashiri Working Papers On Central Asia And Iran Several articles and photos about the history, culture and art of Kazakhstan, kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenstan, Uzbekistan and Iran. Both original and translated works. http://www.iles.umn.edu/faculty/bashiri/title.html

Working Papers on Central Asia and Iran Prepared by Professor Iraj Bashiri e-mail: bashi001@umn.edu web: bashiris.com Central Asia Iran Tajikistan Update ... Tajikistan in the 20th Century Introductory Note: The cultures of Central Asia and Iran share a number of remarkable features. They are Islamic, albeit Sunnite and Shi'ite, and they enjoy a common cosmology and mythology. Additionally, they share the same early history. Indeed, until the rise of the Western Turks and the subsequent coming of the Turks and Mongols to Central Asia, the primary population of the region was Iranian. As descendants of the earlier Indo-European peoples, they followed the teachings of Zoroaster and worshiped his God, Ahura Mazda. From the foregoing, we can conclude that any social, political, or ideological study of the early history of this region must take this common heritage into consideration. To respect the shared values of the Iranian and the Central Asian peoples, therefore, the following arrangement is adhered to. The more recent events appear under "Central Asia" and "Iran" respectively. The ancient and medieval issues that cannot be logically divided appear under "Central Asia and Iran." This web page covers a vast area from Africa to India and from Kazakhstan to the Persian Gulf. It also

30. World Travel Guide - Kyrgyzstan - History & Government World Travel Guide kyrgyzstan - history Government -includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.sftpwtg.com/data/kgz/kgz580.htm

Travel Information Contact Addresses General Information Passport/Visa Money ... Maps Regions and Cities The Silk Road Home World Asia ... Kyrgyzstan History and Government History: Government: Under the constitution accepted by referendum in 1994, legislative power is vested in the bicameral 105-strong Jogorku Kenesh . One-third of its members sit in a permanent lower chamber; the other two-thirds meet twice a year in the upper chamber. The whole parliament is elected every five years, as is the president, who holds executive power along with an appointed prime minister and Council of Ministers, subject to the approval of the Jogorku Kenesh Terms and Conditions apply.

31. History Of Kyrgyzstan history of kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic). Britannica.com kyrgyzstanhistory A thorough and fantastic history from Britannica.com. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxkyrgyzstan.htm

zfp=-1 About History 20th Century History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with 20th Century History with Jennifer Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Major Events Maps People Photographs ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement History of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic) Britannica.com: Kyrgyzstan History A thorough and fantastic history from Britannica.com. Country Study: Kyrgyzstan This comprehensive book-length information from the Library of Congress includes an entire chapter (chapter one) of history of the country. Flags of the World: Kyrgyzstan Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of the Kyrgyz Republic A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. Infoplease.com: Kyrgyzstan

32. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Humanities - History - Asia & Middle 14. kyrgyzstan Lonely Planet Guide kyrgyzstan's history http//www.lonelyplanet.lycos.com/central_asia/kyrgyzstan/hi Guide http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=545578

33. Peace Corps | World Wise Schools | Lesson Plans | Teacher Guides | Kyrgyzstan A history of kyrgyzstan. Objective Students will learn about key points in kyrgyzstan'shistory and will relate them to major events in world history. http://www.peacecorps.gov/wws/guides/kyrgyzstan/hist.html

Destination: Kyrgyzstan Activities for Grades 10 - 12 A History of Kyrgyzstan Geography Standards: (17) How to apply geography to interpret the past; (18) How to apply geography to interpret the present and plan for the future. Objective: Students will learn about key points in Kyrgyzstan's history and will relate them to major events in world history. Materials Needed: Encyclopedias, history books, (or comparable software) and access to the internet Activity Sheet A History of Kyrgyzstan for each student (or students may work together) Background: Though Kyrgyzstan is an isolated country surrounded in many places with mountains that are as high as 20,000 feet, it has still been affected by the currents of history. Its location and mountain passes placed Kyrgyzstan on the overland trade routes between the East and the West. Since earliest times, Kyrgyzstan has been influenced by events in the rest of the world particularly China, the Middle East and Europe. However, the country's high mountains had a significant impact on its history by serving as a barrier that helped preserve the traditional Kyrgyz culture. The country's first democratically elected president, Askar Akaev, wrote about the mountains in a 1994 essay entitled Kyrgyzstan on the Road to Democracy and Social Progress. "It was our mountains," he said, "that shielded my people in times of trial, and quenched their thirst by thousands of their rivers and springs, provided them with food, and filled them with faith in their strength, wisdom, and love of fellow-men."

34. Peace Corps | World Wise Schools | Lesson Plans | Teacher Guides | Kyrgyzstan kyrgyzstan, An Overview. Overview history and Government. Manas, anancient epic poem that is an important reflection of Kyrgyz history http://www.peacecorps.gov/wws/guides/kyrgyzstan/history.html

Kyrgyzstan, An Overview Overview: History and Government Manas, an ancient epic poem that is an important reflection of Kyrgyz history and culture, tells the story of the struggle of the warrior Manas to make his nation free and independent. In 1991, that ancient dream became a reality. After the breakup of the U.S.S.R., Kyrgyzstan became a free and independent nation. Yet, while the country is one of the world1s newest, the Kyrgyz people are one of the most ancient peoples of the world. Asian chronicles provide written history of their existence from as early as 2000 B.C. The majority Kyrgyz population is descended from the nomadic people who probably began to move into the region from the 9th to the 12th century. The Kyrgyz played an important role in creating the Silk Road, a network of travel routes that linked China with western trade areas. In the 13th century, Mongol warriors under the leadership of Genghis Khan conquered Kyrgyzstan. In the middle of the 19th century, Kyrgyzstan was incorporated into the Russian Empire. In 1916, the Kyrgyz revolted against the colonial policies of Czarist Russia, but the rebellion was unsuccessful and Kyrgyzstan became incorporated into the U.S.S.R. The Soviets forced the Kyrgyz to abandon their traditional nomadic culture. The Kyrgyz were forced onto collective farms. Kyrgyz herders responded by taking their livestock far into the mountains even into China. In 1936 Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet Socialist Republic, a full member of the U.S.S.R. For the first time in more than two centuries, the overwhelming majority of ethnic Kyrgyz were united into a single political unit. Ethnic Russians migrated to the area in large numbers Frunze became a predominantly Russian city.

35. History - Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway Here you are Main/kyrgyzstan/history, Forum. history. Here you areMain/kyrgyzstan/history, Forum. Price Lists Online. Back to kyrgyzstan. http://eng.gateway.kg/history

Style: Small Large community registration site map about team ... Development Here you are: Main Kyrgyzstan /History Forum History The territory of Kyrgyzstan is one of the ancient centres of human civilisation. Archaeological research shows that primeval man familiarised himself here since the Stone Age. The Kyrgyz were known in Central Asia since the first millennium BC and have carried their name throughout the centuries. The first state formations on the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan appeared in the second century BC. In the 4-3 centuries BC the ancient Kyrgyz were part of strong nomadic tribal unions, which proved to be a serious distress to China. It was at that time when construction of the Great Chinese Wall began. In 2-1 centuries BC a part of the Kyrgyz tribes moved to Enisey ("Ene sai" translates as "Mother river" from the Kyrgyz language) and Baikal ("Bai kol" in Kyrgyz means "Abundant Lake"). It was there that the Kyrgyz tribes organised their first state and the Kyrgyz Khanate, which became the centre for consolidation of the Kyrgyz and formation of its culture. The Kyrgyz written language emerged here, but was lost after the state was dismantled by conquerors. However, the human memory was alive: an unprecedented epos "Manas" is a genuine encyclopaedia of the Kyrgyz history, society, habits and lifestyle of that time. In the 5 century the nomads inhabiting northern Kyrgyzstan began to transform to a settled way of life. The first evidences of written sources about the Kyrgyz tribes inhabiting Tyan-Shan date back to the 10 century. The petroglyphs of Saymaly-Tash are widely known monuments of antiquity. These unique inscriptions illustrate a high level of civilisation of the Kyrgyz. The Burana Tower and Uzgen architectural complex strike one's imagination and testify to the artistic skill of architects and builders.

36. History Of The City - Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway Here you are Main/kyrgyzstan/Towns and Regions/Capital/history ofthe city, Forum (messages 0). history of the city. The Man's first http://eng.gateway.kg/bish_history

Style: Small Large community registration site map about team ... Development Here you are: Main Kyrgyzstan Towns and Regions Capital /History of the city Forum History of the city The Man's first appearance on the modern city's territory dates back to hoary antiquity. The finds of stone implements by Alamedin hydroelectric power station suggest that primitive people dwelled in Bishkek neighborhood in 5th-4th millennia BC. The Bronze Age tribes settled on the modern city's territory in late 2nd millennium BC. They were engaged in graziery, agriculture, pottery and metallurgy. With the advent of Iron Age tribal alliances appear on Kyrgyzstan's territory: saki (7th-3rd centuries BC) and usun' (3rd century BC-5th century AD). Their economy based on nomadic graziery. Various trades were well developed. Saki and usun' tribes settled on Alamedin and Ala-Archa riversides as well — this is testified by tumuli conserved until recently within the city and its vicinity. The usun' knew agriculture well that is testified by the remnants of settlements found in different places of Chui valley including those by Bishkek. Nomadic and settled agricultural population dwelled in Alamedin and Ala-Archa river basins in Middle Ages. Tumuli and stone sculptures were the nomadic Turks' monuments. Settled population resided in towns. The so-called Pishpek fort (7th-12th centuries AD) was one of the largest medieval towns; it occupied an area of about 25-30 sq.km (Pishpek railway station and former Klyuchevoye and Kyzyl-Asker villages) and had complex layout and a developed fortification system. Another significant ancient town now called

37. World History Archives: The Contemporary Political History Of Qirghizstan (Kyrgy World history Archives The contemporary political history of Qirghizstan (kyrgyzstan).The contemporary political history of Qirghizstan (kyrgyzstan). http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/53/index-eb.html

The contemporary political history of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives The history in general of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) US State Department Report 12 February 1995. In Qirghizstan there are significant human rights abuses related to ethnicity. Then a detailed report that suggests the reason for human rights abuses is that ex-communist officials often remain in office [the problem used to be the Soviet System, but is now those who were shaped by it]. State Department standard of social evaluation is US civil rights. Foreign Minister Mrs. Roza Otunbayeva press conference 14 Feburary 1996. I.a., re President Akayev's formation of new government after the referendum; NATO expansion; on Quirghiz autonomy; Great Turkestan; officials. The Referendum Kyrgyz Republic Embassy press release, 13-15 February 1996. The third referendum of February 10 1996 changes a workable constitution for the worse. Kyrgyz Republic Embassy press release #1 13 February 1996. A popular referendem in October 1994 favored a two-chamber parliament, and this was synthesized with the Soviet era constitution of May 1993. This resulted in legislative gridlock, and so the referendum of 10 February 1996 overwhelmingly approved a new division of powers.

38. Kyrgystan History history of kyrgyzstan. Click here to visit our sponsor. http://www.countryreports.org/history/kyrgyhist.htm

History of Kyrgyzstan History Home Page CountryReports.org Shop our Online Store! Discuss World Issues! ... Recent History Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Bolivia Bulgaria Cambodia Chad Chile China Congo, Dem. Rep. Colombia Comoros Cyprus Czech Republic Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia Finland Georgia Germany Ghana Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakstan Korea, North Korea, South Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Libya Madagascar Mauritania Moldova Mongolia Nepal Nicaragua Nigeria Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Saudi Arabia Seychelles Singapore Somalia Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Syria

39. Tourist Information Of Kyrgyzstan, Area Of Kyrgyzstan, Population Of Kyrgyzstan, history. The Kyrgyz are descendants of the nomadic Mongol herders who first settledthe area. The Kyrgyz settled in today's kyrgyzstan by the sixteenth century http://www.planetgypsy.com/destinations/kyrgyzstan/history.html

General Info Places of Interest History Map ... Kyrgyzstan History The Kyrgyz are descendants of the nomadic Mongol herders who first settled the area. -The Kyrgyz settled in today's Kyrgyzstan by the sixteenth century. -By 1876, the Russian empire had annexed and colonized the region. -After 1936 an autonomous region of Turkestan Republic became the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic. -In August 1991, it declared independence in the aftermath of the failed coup attempt in Moscow. Also See : General Info Places Of Interest History Map

40. Expedia.co.uk Travel Guide Hotels Flights And Car Hire To kyrgyzstan, history and Government history The Kyrgyz are descended from nomadictribes who emigrated from northern Mongolia in the tenth century to the http://www.expedia.co.uk/daily/wg/P41905.asp

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