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         Korea History:     more books (100)
  1. Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History, Updated Edition by Bruce Cumings, 2005-09-19
  2. Everlasting Flower: A History of Korea by Keith Pratt, 2007-08-15
  3. The History of Korea (The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations) by Djun Kil Kim, 2008-10-30
  4. The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition) by Don Oberdorfer, 2002-02-05
  5. Korea Old and New: A History by Carter Eckert, Ki-Baik Lee, et all 1991-08-14
  6. A Concise History of Korea: From the Neolithic Period through the Nineteenth Century by Michael J. Seth, 2006-07-28
  7. A New History of Korea by Ki-Baik Lee, 1984-01-01
  8. HISTORY OF KOREA by Henthorn, 1974-05-01
  9. A Brief History Of Korea by Mark Peterson, Phillip Margulies, 2009-12-30
  10. A History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present by Michael J. Seth, 2010-11-16
  11. A Concise History of Modern Korea: From the Late Nineteenth Century to the Present by Michael J. Seth, 2009-10-15
  12. The Reluctant Communist: My Desertion, Court-Martial, and Forty-Year Imprisonment in North Korea by Charles Robert Jenkins, Jim Frederick, 2009-03-10
  13. A History of Korea (Palgrave Essential Histories) by Kyung Hwang, 2010-11-09
  14. War in Korea, 1950-1953; A Pictorial History by D.M. Giangreco, 2001-02-01

1. South Korea: History
South korea history Comments to Barbara Whitener, GovPubs Webmaster URL http// library. edu/ ekstrom/ govpubs/ international/ korea/ skhist. South korea history. History of Korea (Korean Information Service)
http://www.louisville.edu/library/ekstrom/govpubs/international/korea/skhist.htm
South Korea: History Other Related Information: History ...
Back to International Information

Comments to Barbara Whitener, GovPubs Webmaster
URL:http://library.louisville.edu/ekstrom/govpubs/international/korea/skhist.html

2. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination North Korea | History
North korea history. According to the Koreans, the first of their kinwas born in 2333 BC. Less aestheticallyminded scientists believe
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/north_east_asia/north_korea/history.htm
home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks
North Korea
History
According to the Koreans, the first of their kin was born in 2333 BC. Less aesthetically-minded scientists believe Korea was first inhabited around 30,000 BC, when tribes from central and northern Asia stumbled on the peninsula. Under constant pressure from China, these tribes banded together to found a kingdom in the 1st century AD. By 700 AD the Silla Kingdom of Korea was hitting its cultural stride, littering the country with palaces, pagodas and pleasure gardens and influencing the development of Japan's culture. But in the early 13th century the Mongols reached Korea and gave it their usual scorched-earth treatment. When the Mongol Empire collapsed, the Choson Dynasty took over and a Korean script was developed. In 1592 Japan invaded, followed by China - the Koreans were routed and the Chinese Manchu Dynasty moved in. Turning its back on the mean and nasty world, Korea closed its doors to outside influence until the early 20th century, when Japan annexed the peninsula. The Japanese, who hung on until the end of WWII, were harsh masters, and anti-Japanese sentiment is still strong in both North and South Korea. Much of the guerilla warfare conducted against the occupying Japanese took place in the northern provinces and Manchuria, and northerners are still proud of having carried a disproportionate burden in the struggle against Japan. After the war, the USA occupied the south of the peninsula, while the USSR took over the north. Stalin sent Kim II-sung (the 'Great Leader'), a young Korean officer from a specially trained unit of the Red Army, to take charge of communising the North, and he steadily ascended to the head of a separate government of North Korea, in defiance of a United Nations plan for nationwide elections. Elections were held only in the South, and when the South declared its independence, the North invaded. The ensuing war lasted until 1953 (or is still continuing, if you consider that the South never signed the armistice and count

3. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination South Korea | History
South korea history. Korean folklore dates the nation's birth ataround 2333 BC. But according to the latest research, Korea was
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/north_east_asia/south_korea/history.htm
home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks
South Korea
History
Korean folklore dates the nation's birth at around 2333 BC. But according to the latest research, Korea was first inhabited around 30,000 BC, when tribes from central and northern Asia stumbled on the peninsula. Under constant pressure from China, these tribes banded together to found a kingdom in the 1st century AD. By AD 700 the Silla Kingdom of Korea was hitting its cultural stride, littering the country with palaces, pagodas and pleasure gardens and influencing the development of Japan's culture. But in the early 13th century the Mongols reached Korea and gave it their usual scorched-earth treatment. When the Mongol Empire collapsed, the Choson dynasty took over and a Korean script was developed. In 1592 Japan invaded, followed by China - the Koreans were routed and in the early 17th century, the Chinese Manchu dynasty took over. Following this long period of brutal upheaval, Korea closed its doors to outside influence until the early 20th century, when Japan annexed the peninsula. The Japanese, who hung on until the end of WWII, were harsh masters, and anti-Japanese sentiment was strong. After the war, the USA occupied the south of the peninsula, while the USSR took over the north. Elections to decide the fate of the country were held only in the south, and when the south declared its independence, the north invaded. The ensuing war lasted until 1953 (or is still continuing, if you count MASH re-runs).

4. History Of Korea
History of Korea. her. They had a son and their son was named Tangun,the Sandalwood King. History of Korea. Ancient Choson. Tangun
http://www.asd.k12.ak.us/Schools/West/Countries/Korea/KoreaHistory.html
History of Korea
How Korea Started..... Ancient Choson Three Kingdoms Unified Silla ... Japanese Occupation
The Land of the Morning Calm
Korea has been known as "The Land of the Morning Calm" for a long time, but in history it has never been calm. Korea is a small country surrounded by larger countries. For centuries the Korean peninsula has been attacked by neighbors, most often China and Mongolia. From 1910 to 1945 it was occupied by Japan. At the end of World War II, it seems Korea was free and one whole country, but it didn't last long. It was soon partitioned into two zones, the north to be administered by the Soviet Union, the south by the United States. After that the Korean War started in 1950 and it is still divided into two countries, North Korea and South Korea.
Major Kingdoms of Korea
Ancient Choson Three Kingdoms Unified Silla Koryo ... Choson Bronze eight-belled rattles of the Bronze Age(3rd-2nd century B.C.)
How Korea Started.....
According to legend, Korea was founded in 2333 B.C. A prince had come from heaven to govern this peninsula at the edge of East Asia. The prince made his home near a sandalwood tree. When the bear and tiger who lived together heard about his arrival, they went to him. Both animals had a deep desire to become human, so they begged the heavenly prince to give them human form. The prince gave each animal some garlic and a bitter herb called mugwort. He told them to go into the cave, stay inside for hundred days, and eat nothing but the garlic and the herb. If they obeyed his introductions, he would make them human.

5. OTN Explores South Korea: History Gallery: State To Come
mutually hostile regimes in north and south. This was the assembly thatled to the creation of the Republic of Korea in August 1948.
http://www.megastories.com/seasia/skorea/history/assembly.htm
State to come The Constitutional assembly of 1948: the immediate aftermath of the Second World War was a brutal disappointment for Koreans. Instead of independence after Japanese rule, they found their country divided by the United States and the Soviet Union and riven by internal ideological splits which eventually led to the Korean war of 1950-53 and the creation of two mutually hostile regimes in north and south. This was the assembly that led to the creation of the Republic of Korea in August 1948.
Guerillas
Assassin Imperial guard Last emperor ... Women's march

6. OTN Explores South Korea: History Gallery: Assassin
Harbin railway station in 1909. The assassination was one of the lastacts of resistence before Japan annexed Korea outright in 1910.
http://www.megastories.com/seasia/skorea/history/assassin.htm
Assassin If it looks tense in there, that's because it is. Korean nationalist An Chung Gun facing us has just assassinated the Japanese Resident General Ito Hirobumi at Harbin railway station in 1909. The assassination was one of the last acts of resistence before Japan annexed Korea outright in 1910.
Guerillas
State to come Imperial guard Last emperor ... Women's march

7. Korea History
in 1910. Throughout most of its history, Korea has been invaded, influenced,and fought over by its larger neighbors. It has suffered
http://www.nationbynation.com/Korea/History1.html
BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE
BASIC INFO. GEOGRAPHY GOVERNMENT ... SOUTH KOREA According to Korean legend, the god-king Tangun founded the Korean nation in BC 2333. By the first century AD, the Korean Peninsula was divided into the kingdoms of Silla, Koguryo, and Paekche. The Silla kingdom unified the peninsula in 668 AD. The Koryo dynasty (from which the Western name "Korea" is derived) succeeded the Silla kingdom in 935. The Choson dynasty, ruled by members of the Yi clan, supplanted Koryo in 1392 and lasted until the Japanese annexed Korea in 1910.
Throughout most of its history, Korea has been invaded, influenced, and fought over by its larger neighbors. It has suffered approximately 900 invasions during its 2,000 years of recorded history. Korea was under Mongolian occupation from 1231 until the early 14th century and was repeatedly ravaged by Chinese (government and rebel) armies. The Japanese warlord Hideyoshi launched major invasions in 1592 and 1597.
China had by far the greatest influence of the major powers and was the most acceptable to the Koreans. The Choson Dynasty was part of the Chinese "tribute" system, under which Korea was independent in fact, but acknowledged China's theoretical role as "big brother." China was the only exception to Korea's long closed-door policy, adopted to ward off foreign encroachment, which earned it the name of "Hermit Kingdom" in the 19th century.
Korea's isolation finally ended when the major Western powers and Japan sent warships to forcibly open the country. At the same time, Japanese, Chinese, and Russian competition in Northeast Asia led to armed conflict and foreign intervention established dominance in Korea, formally annexing it in 1910.

8. Korea: History
The documented history of Korea begins in the 12th cent. BC, when aChinese scholar, Kitze (Kija), founded a colony at Pyongyang.
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0859140.html

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You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Korea
History
Early History to Japanese Rule
Chinese and Japanese influences have been strong throughout Korean history, but the Koreans, descended from Tungusic tribal peoples, are a distinct racial and cultural group. The documented history of Korea begins in the 12th cent. B.C. , when a Chinese scholar, Ki-tze (Kija), founded a colony at Pyongyang. After 100 B.C. the Chinese colony of Lolang, established near Pyongyang, exerted a strong cultural influence on the Korean tribes settled in the peninsula. The kingdom of Koguryo, the first native Korean state, arose in the north near the Yalu River in the 1st cent. A.D.

9. IExplore - South Korea History, IExplore South Korea Travel - Travel South Korea
iExplore offers the best value in adventure and experiential travel GUARANTEED! South korea history of South Korea Perhaps the
http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/South Korea/History
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Keyword Search: Home Explore Far East South Korea History E-mail this page Keyword Search Help
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Our promise: You won't find any of our trips at a lower price anywhere. iExplore offers the best value in adventure and experiential travel... GUARANTEED! South Korea History of South Korea Perhaps the country's obsession with serenity came from its location: It has long been surrounded by powerful and intrusive neighbors. After its initial formation in AD 668, Korea was devastated by the invading armies of Japan in 1592 and the Manchus three decades later. Korea responded by turning its back on the world and developing its own unique culture in isolation, becoming the "Hermit Kingdom" of Asia. Its solitude was eventually shattered by Japan, whose armies occupied the nation from 1910 until the end of World War II. Although the Japanese did improve the country's infrastructure, they proved to be harsh overlords, creating an enmity that remains today. The postwar joy that followed liberation proved to be short-lived. By 1950, Korea was enveloped in a violent struggle for control between the U.N. forces supporting the government of the south and the Soviet- and Chinese-backed communist government of the north. For three years war raged across the entire length of the peninsula, reaching a stalemate at roughly the 38th parallel. A cease-fire was called in 1953, though no permanent peace treaty has ever been signed. (A nonaggression pact was finally reached in December 1991.) But the presence of the DMZ (Demilitarized Zone), the heavily fortified no-man's-land separating the two Koreas, seems to have little effect on daily life. Only a few miles away, farmers cultivate rice in peaceful fields while housewives preserve vegetables in tile-roofed houses.

10. SEMI: SEMI Korea History
SEMI korea history 1987. 11, SEMICON Korea exhibition and technicalsymposium was held for the first time. 1988. 4. SEMI opened a
http://www.semi.org/web/wcontent.nsf/url/krhistory

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Products Public Policy Industry Initiatives Workforce Development Global Suppliers Forum (GSF) Standardized Supplier Quality Assessment (SSQA) ... Value Chain Integration Special Interest Areas (EHS) Flat Panel Display (FPD) Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) ... Industry Research Statistics Market Briefings SEMI Store Books Market Briefings ... Our Industry SEMI Korea History SEMICON Korea exhibition and technical symposium was held for the first time. SEMI opened a branch office in Seoul, Korea as a secretariat. Chang-Ho Kim was officially appointed Director of Korea Operations. In March, the SEMI office was officially opened. SEMI Korea office changed its name to Asia/Pacific Rim, reflecting it's expanded charter in the region The first successful FPD Tutorial Symposium was held at the KOEX on April 8. The first Information Strategy Symposium (ISS) Korea was held September 2-3 at the Sheraton Walker Hill Hotel.

11. North Korea History At HistoryBooks.biz
History of North Korea Save on a huge selection of North KoreanHistory Books at HistoryBooks.biz. North korea history. The Two
http://www.historybooks.biz/Asia/North Korea.htm
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North Korea History
The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition)
by Don Oberdorfer
(Paperback February 5, 2002)
Colder Than Hell : A Marine Rifle Company at Chosin Reservoir

by Joseph R. Owen (Mass Market Paperback October 1997) Korea's Place in the Sun : A Modern History by Bruce Cumings (Paperback February 1998) by Roy Edgar Appleman (Paperback December 1991) Korea's Future and the Great Powers by Nicholas Eberstadt (Editor), Richard J. Ellings (Editor) (Paperback July 2001) Shield of the Great Leader: The Armed Forces of North Korea (The Armed Forces of Asia) by Joseph S. Bermudez Jr., Joseph Bermudez (Paperback February 2001) Ship of Miracles by Bill Gilbert, Alexander M., Jr. Haig (Hardcover October 1, 2000) Negotiating on the Edge: North Korean Negotiating Behavior by Scott Snyder (Paperback November 30, 1999) North Korea through the Looking Glass by Kong Dan Oh, et al

12. South Korea History At HistoryBooks.biz
History of South Korea Save on a huge selection of South Korean HistoryBooks at HistoryBooks.biz. South korea history. The Koreans
http://www.historybooks.biz/Asia/South Korea.htm
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South Korea History
The Koreans : Who They Are, What They Want, Where Their Future Lies
by Michael Breen
(Hardcover November 1999)
The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Revised and Updated Edition)

by Don Oberdorfer (Paperback February 5, 2002) Korea's Place in the Sun : A Modern History by Bruce Cumings (Paperback February 1998) Korea's Future and the Great Powers by Nicholas Eberstadt (Editor), Richard J. Ellings (Editor) (Paperback July 2001) The Kwangju Uprising : Eyewitness Press Accounts of Korea's Tiananmen (Pacific Basin Institute Book) by Henry Scott-Stokes (Editor), et al (Paperback June 2000) The Bridge at No Gun Ri: A Hidden Nightmare from the Korean War by Sang-Hun Choe, et al (Hardcover September 2001) Korea 2010: The Challenges of the New Millennium (Significant Issues Series) by Paul F. Chamberlin, Kim Kihwan (Paperback September 1, 2001) Troubled Tiger : Businessmen, Bureaucrats and Generals in South Korea (Revised ed.)

13. Korea History - Travel Guide - All-Korea-Hotels.Com
After the Korean War, South Korea formed a democratic government and has made of powerfrom the ruling to an opposition party in Korean constitutional history.
http://www.all-korea-hotels.com/travel-guide/korea-at-a-glance/history.htm
Geography Language Ecology Political System ... Culture History History A 5,000-year-old history and culture is the pride of the Korean Peninsula.
  • 600,000 years ago: Archeological findings have indicated the beginnings of settlement in the Korean Peninsula. 2333 B.C.: The legendary figure Tangun founded Ko-Choson, the first Korean kingdom, at P'yongyang in the northern part of the peninsula. 57 B.C.-A.D. 668: The Three Kingdoms Period. A golden age of culture with distinct contributions form each kingdom.
- Koguryo Kingdom (37 B.C.-A.D. 668)
- Paekche Kingdom (18 B.C.-A.D. 660)
- Shilla Kingdom (57 B.C.-A.D. 676)
  • A.D. 676-935: Unified Shilla Kingdom (Capital: Kyongju) 918-1392: Koryo Dynasty (Capital: Kaesong, located in North Korea). Buddhism became the state religion and greatly influenced politics and culture. Overseas trade boomed. The name "Korea" derives from Koryo Dynasty since Arabian tradesmen started calling Koryo "Corre." 13th century: Mongolian invasions. 1392-1910: Choson Dynasty (Capital: Seoul). The peninsula's final dynasty. Confucianism as the state ideology exerted a massive influence over the whole society. Hangul, the Korean alphabet, was invented in 1443, during the reign of King Sejong.

14. Ericsson Korea - History
The following is the outline of the Ericsson korea history. 1982, Establishmentof Erifon AB, Korea Branch First delivery of AXE switch.
http://www.ericsson.com/KR/english/companyinfo/korea-history.htm
More Ericsson Topics Ericsson Home Ericsson Near Me Search Site Index Contacts Overview of Consumer Products Overview for Network Operators Overview for the Enterprise Cables Components Microwave Systems Software Engineering Training This is Ericsson: An Introduction Investor Relations Press Room Career Opportunities Research Healt Issues Year 2000 Publications ERICA: Community Award Site Navigation Home EKK About Ericsson Korea Ericsson News IMT-2000 Job Opportunities Contact Us Ericsson in Korea About Ericsson Korea ERICSSON WORLD WIDE ERICSSON IN KOREA ERICSSON KOREA ACTIVITY PUBLICATION Ericsson in Korea Ericsson¡¯s history in Korea dates back to 1896 when Korea¡¯s first switch and telephones made by Ericsson were installed by Ericsson for King Kojong, Lee Dynasty. The following is the outline of the Ericsson Korea history.
Establishment of Erifon AB, Korea Branch
First delivery of AXE switch OTELCO, a Joint-venture between Ericsson and Oriental Precision Company, established for AXE switch production

15. North Korea: History
People’s Republic of Korea was proclaimed in Pyongyang and Kim Il Sung, leaderof the Korean Workers Party was elected Prime Minister (see history of Korea).
http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=110

16. Korea: History
East» by the Chinese, but after it fell into the hands of the Khitan, a nomad peoplefrom the north, its territory no longer came into the history of Korea.
http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=63

17. Extraordinarily High Rates Of Male Circumcision In South Korea: History And Unde
Extraordinarily high rates of male circumcision in South korea history andunderlying causes. Keywords circumcision, South Korea, history, phimosis.
http://www.cirp.org/library/cultural/pang1/
BJU INTERNATIONAL, Volume 89: Pages 48-54,
January 2002.
Extraordinarily high rates of male circumcision in
South Korea: history and underlying causes
M.G. PANG and D.S. KIM*
GenDix, Inc. and Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, and *School of Physics, Seoul National University
Seoul, South Korea
Objective To investigate the high circumcision rate in South Korea and its rapid increase in the short period since its introduction. Subjects and methods From January to December 2000, 5434 South Korean males (or their parents) aged 0-92 years were interviewed in detail about their circumcision status, their age at circumcision, and the possible effect of circumcision on their sexuality. In addition, 267 practising medical doctors were surveyed about their basic understanding of circumcision and phimosis. Results but a man was twice as likely to have experienced diminished sexuality rather than improved sexuality. Of the doctors who were surveyed, 41% carried out circumcision but, unlike in America gynaecologists and paediatricians rarely did so. Among the factors contributing to the high circumcision rate was the mistaken notion held by both doctors and the general public that circumcision is directly correlated with industrialization and general progress of living standards. Many doctors believe the out-dated and sometimes controversial benefits of circumcision, i.e. prevention of cervical cancer and sexually transmitted diseases, and improved sexuality. Thus the vast majority of doctors recommend circumcision regardless of the patient's age Peer pressure was also an important contributing factor.

18. Gateway To Korea: History
KBS introduces the history of korea in internet website in the title ofthe history of korea. The history of korea consists of nine chapters.
http://hopia.net/hopia/english/gate_history.htm
Gateway to Korea Hopia Information Center for the Korea Network SAME Home General Overview History Tourism ... Korean History The history of human activity in Korea can be traced far into the Paleolithic period , about 500,000 years ago. The beginning of Korean history is often dated to 2333 B.C . when King Tan-gun , a Legendary figure born of the son of Heaven and a woman from a bear-totem tribe, established the first kingdom named Choson, literally meaning the "Land of the Morning Calm." While the historicity of the Tan-gun myth is disputed among scholars, it is known that ancient Korea was characterized by clan communities which combined to from small city-states. They rose and fell so that by the first century B.C. three kingdoms , Koguryo (37 B.C.-A.D.668), Paekche(18 B.C.-A.D.660)and Shilla (57 B.C.-A.D. 935), had emerged on the Korean Peninsula and part of what is now known as Manchuria. The Balhae Kingdom] Ever since Shilla unified the peninsula in 668, Korea has been ruled by a single government and has maintained its political independence and cultural and ethnic identity in spite of frequent foreign invasions. Both the Koryo(918-1392)and Choson (1392-1910) Kingdoms consolidated their dynastic power and flourished culturally, while repelling intruders like the Khitans, Mongols, Manchus and Japanese. In the late 19th century

19. Interactive Korea: History/Politics
The Three Kingdoms. Korea's earliest recorded history is characterizedby clan communities which combined to form small citystates.
http://userpages.umbc.edu/~skim32/IFSM403/politics.html

Korean Politics
The beginning of Korean history is often dated to 2333 B.C. when Tan-gun, a legendary figure born of the son of a god and a woman from a bear-totem tribe, establised the first kingdom named Choson or the "Land of the Morning Calm". while the historicity of the Tan-gun myth is disputed among scholars, it is known that ancient Korea was characterized by clan communities which combined to form small city-states. They rose and fell until by the first century B.C. three kingdomes, Koguryo(37 B.C. - A.D.668), Paekche(18 B.C - A.D. 660) and Shilla (57 B.C. - A.D. 935) had emerged on the peninsula.
[The Three Kingdoms]
[Koryo Kingdom] [Chosun Kingdom] [Under Japanese Power] ... [The Founding of the Republic]

The Three Kingdoms
Korea's earliest recorded history is characterized by clan communities which combined to form small city-states. The city-states gradually united in tribal leagues with increasingly complex political structures. This state of affairs prevailed throughout the peninsula and southern Manchuria until roughly the beginning of the Christian era.
Koguryo Kingdom (37 B.C. - A.D. 668)

20. Interactive Korea: History/Religion
Korean Religion. Korea's most ancient religions are Shamanism, Buddismand Confucianism. All nature. This is the oldest belief in Korea.
http://userpages.umbc.edu/~skim32/IFSM403/religion.html

Korean Religion
Korea's most ancient religions are Shamanism, Buddism and Confucianism. All these played an important role in the country's early cultural development and have greatly influenced thought and behavior. chiristianity was rather recently introduced, but has spread rapidly to claim the largest of the following. There are other minor religions but we will be discussing Shamanism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Christianity.
[Shamanism]
[Buddhism] [Confucianism] [Christianity]

Shamanism
Shamanism is the worshiping of the spirit or nature. This is the oldest belief in Korea. It is based on the belief that human beings are not the only possessors of spirits but that they also reside in natural forces and animate or in animate objects.
The shamana, or mudang in Korean, is an intermediary with the spiritual world and is considered capable of averting bad luck, curing sikcness and assuring a propitious passage from this world to the next. Korean Shamanism includes the worship of thousands of spirits and demons that are believed to dwell in every day object in the natural world, including rocks, trees, mountains and streams as well as celestial bodies. ONe of the important aspcest of Korean Shamanism is its deep belief in the soul of the dead. The saman is expected to resolve conflicts and tensions that are blieved to exist between the living and the dead.
This system of belief still persists in Korea today. A shaman is almost invariably a woman today, unlike in the olden times when the intermediary could be either male or femail. Shamanism for the traditional Korean is a religion of frea dn superstition but for the modern generation, it is a colorful and artistic ingredient of culture. A shaman ceremony, rich with exorcist elements, combines theatrical feats with music and dance. Shamanism has remained the underlying religion of the Koreans as well as a vital aspect of their subculture.

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